2019$BG/(B1$B7n!A(B2019$BG/(B12$B7n$N(IF-0=$B$X(B
2020$BG/(B1$B7n!A(B2021$BG/(B05$B7n$N(IF-0=$B$X(B

2021$BG/(B1$B7n!A(B2022$BG/(B03$B7n$N(IF-0=$B$X(B
2022$BG/(B04$B7n$N(IF-0=$B$X(B
$BCO?L(B


2019.12.10-NHK NEWS WEB-https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20191210/k10012209081000.html
$B#N#ZL5?MEg$G2P;3J.2P(B $B#5?M;`K4#8?MITL@(B $BA\:w3hF0$OFq9R(B

$B!!!!%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%IKLIt$N?M5$$N4Q8wCO$NL5?MEg$G(B9$BF|$K5/$-$?2P;3$NJ.2P$G!"$3$l$^$G$K#5?M$N;`K4$,3NG'$5$l!"#8?M$N9TJ}$,J,$+$i$J$/$J$C$F$$$^$9!#8=CO$G$O0MA3!"2P;33hF0$,B3$$$F$$$F!"A\:w3hF0$OEg$N>e6u$+$i>u67$r3NG'$9$k$N$K$H$I$^$j!"Fq9R$7$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B!!!!%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%IKLIt$G?M5$$N4Q8wCO$H$7$FCN$i$l$kL5?MEg$N%[%o%$%HEg$G(B9$BF|!"2P;3$,J.2P$7!"Eg$rK,$l$F$$$?4Q8w5R$,4,$-9~$^$l$^$7$?!#%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%I$N%"!<%@!<%su67$rL@$i$+$K$7$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!$=$l$K$h$j$^$9$H!"J.2PEv;~!"Eg$H$=$N<~JU$rK,$l$F$$$??M$O(B47$B?M$G!"$3$N$&$A(B31$B?M$O8=:_$bIB1!$G
$BJ.2P$O8=CO;~4V$N#9F|8a8e#2;~$9$.!"C;$$;~4V$K#22s!"5/$-$F$$$F!"$=$ND>8e$KB?$/$N?M$O5_=P$5$l$^$7$?$,!"2P8}6a$/$K$$$?J#?t$N?M$O5_=P$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$J$+$C$?$H$$$&$3$H$G$9!#(B
$B!!!!9TJ}ITL@ $B!!!!8=CO$+$i$N1GA|$G$O%[%o%$%HEg$NCf1{ItJ,$+$i$&$C$9$i$H1l$,$"$,$C$F$$$kMM;R$,3NG'$G$-$^$9!#(B
$B!!!!%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%I@/I\$K$h$j$^$9$H!"%[%o%$%HEg$G$O0MA3!"2P;33hF0$,B3$$$F$$$k$H$$$&$3$H$G!"A\:w3hF0$OEg$N>e6u$+$i>u67$r3NG'$9$k$N$K$H$I$^$j!"Fq9R$7$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B9k
$B%*!<%9%H%i%j%"$N%b%j%=%su67$r@bL@$7$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!$=$l$K$h$j$^$9$HEg$rK,$l$F$$$?%*!<%9%H%i%j%"?M$O(B24$B?M$$$?$H$_$i$l!"$3$N$&$A(B13$B?M$O5_=u$5$l$FIB1!$G $B!!!!#A#PDL?.$K$h$j$^$9$H(B24$B?M$OEv;~A%$GEg$K$o$?$j!"4Q8w%D%"!<$K;22C$7$F$$$?$H$$$&$3$H$G$9!#(B
$BF|K\?M$,4,$-9~$^$l$?$H$$$&>pJs$J$7(B
$B%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%I$N7Y;!$K$h$j$^$9$H!"J.2P$N$"$C$?%[%o%$%HEg$KEO$C$??M$?$A$N0lIt$OEg$+$i$*$h$=(B90$B%-%mN%$l$?%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%I$NKLEg$N%?%&%i%s%,$K4s9A$7$F$$$?%/%k!<%:A%!V%*%Y!<%7%g%s!&%*%V!&%6!&%7!<%:!W$N%*%W%7%g%s$N%D%"!<$K;22C$7$F$$$?4Q8w5R$G$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!$3$N%/%k!<%:A%$O:#7n#4F|$K%*!<%9%H%i%j%"$N%7%I%K!<$r=PH/$7!"#9F|!"%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%I$N%?%&%i%s%,$N9A$KE~Ce$7$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!F|K\9qFb$G$3$N%/%k!<%:A%$NM=Ls$r@A$1Ii$&BeM}E9$O#9F|$N;~E@$GA%$K$O#4?M$NF|K\?M$,>hA%$7$F$$$k$H$7$F!"Eg$K9T$/%*%W%7%g%s$N%D%"!<$KF|K\?M$,;22C$7$F$$$J$$$+3NG'$rB3$1$F$$$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!$=$N7k2L!"%/%k!<%:A%$K>h$C$F$$$?F|K\?M$O#3?M$@$C$?$3$H$,H=L@$7!"Eg$X$N%D%"!<$K$O$$$:$l$b;22C$7$F$$$J$+$C$?$3$H$,3NG'$5$l$?$H$$$&$3$H$G$9!#(B
$B!!!!%*!<%/%i%s%I$K$"$kF|K\AmNN;v4[$OF|K\?M$,4,$-9~$^$l$?$H$$$&>pJs$O$3$l$^$G$N$H$3$mF~$C$F$$$J$$$H$7$F$$$^$9!#(B
$BLPLZ30Aj!VK.?MHo32$N>pJs$J$7!W(B
$BLPLZ30L3Bg?C$O3U5D$N$"$H$N5-pJs$K$O@\$7$F$$$J$$!#0z$-B3$-!"8=CO$G$N>pJs<}=8$KEX$a$F$$$k$H$3$m$@!W$H=R$Y$^$7$?!#(B


2019.7.29-ZaqZaq by $BM<4)%U%8(B-https://www.zakzak.co.jp/soc/news/190729/dom1907290008-n1.html
$B1s$$CO0h$,MI$l$k?o?L0h!W$N62$5!D!!Fn3$%H%i%UCO?L!V;I7c$9$k2DG=@-$"$k!W(B

$BCO?LNsEg$N6<0R$r8+$;$D$1$?!##2#8F|L$L@$KH/@8$7$?%^%0%K%A%e!<%I!J#M!K#6!$NCO?L$O!";0=E8)FnEl2-$,?L8;CO$@$C$?$,!":GBg?LEY$,4QB,$5$l$?$N$OLs#6#0#0%-%mN%$l$?5\>k8)$@$C$?!#?L8;$,?<$$?]!V0[>o?L0h!W$,5/$-$?$H$_$i$l$k$,!"@lLg2H$OElF|K\$d@>F|K\$G0z$-B3$-7Y2|$,I,MW$@$H;XE&$9$k!#(B
$B!!CO?L$O#2#8F|8aA0#3;~#3#1J,$4$m$K5/$-!"5\>k8)FnIt$G?LEY#4!"El5~#2#36h$d5\>k8)!"J!Eg8)!"0q>k8)$J$I$G?LEY#3$@$C$?!#?L8;CO$O;0=E8)FnEl2-$G!"?L8;$N?<$5$O#4#2#0%-%m$H!"D@$_9~$`B@J?MN%W%l!<%HFbIt$NHs>o$K?<$$>l=j$GH/@8$7$?!#(B
$B!!M<4)%U%8$G!V7Y2|$;$h!*@8;`$rJ,$1$kCO?L$N4pACCN<1!W!JKh=5LZMK!K$rO":\$9$kIpB"Ln3X1!Bg3XFCG$65eIt%^%s%H%k!Y$,$"$j!"??>e$K$OGH$,EA$o$j$K$/$$!#0lJ}$G!"%W%l!<%H$OGH$rEA$($d$9$/!"COI=$K6a$$ItJ,!J0[>o?L0h!K$GMI$l$,Bg$-$/$J$k!W$H@bL@$9$k!#(B
$B!!!V$b$7?L8;$,@u$1$l$P!"Bg$-$JHo32$K$J$k$H$3$m$@$C$?!W$H$_$k$N$ON)L?4[Bg3X4DB@J?MNJ8L@8&5f%;%s%?!<65 $B!!:GBg#M#95i$K$J$k62$l$b$"$kFn3$%H%i%UCO?L$X$N1F6A$K$D$$$F!"9b66;a$O!V@h7n$+$i5*0K?eF;!"OB2N;38)FnIt!";0=E8)FnIt!"FAEg8)FnIt!"9bCN8)FnIt$J$I!XFn3$CO?L!Y$K$D$J$,$k$H$_$i$l$kCO?L$,8:$C$F$$$k!#$R$:$_$,$?$^$C$F$$$k$H$_$i$l!":#2s$NCO?L$,$3$l$i$NCO0h$r;I7c$9$k2DG=@-$b$"$k!W$H$N8+2r$r<($7$?!#(B


2019.6.24 PM19.24-YAHOO!!$B%K%e!<%9(B-https://headlines.yahoo.co.jp/hl?a=20190624-00009290-weather-soci
$B@E2,8)$G?LEY(B4$B$NCO?LH/@8!!DEGH$N?4G[$O$J$7(B
6$B7n(B24$BF|(B($B7n(B)19$B;~(B22$BJ,:"!"@E2,8)$G?LEY(B4$B$NCO?L$,H/@8$7$^$7$?!#$3$NCO?L$K$h$kDEGH$N?4G[$O$"$j$^$;$s!#(B


2019.6.19-THE SANKEI NEWS-https://www.sankei.com/affairs/news/190619/afr1906190018-n1.html
$B#J#R1)1[@~$,6[5^Dd;_!!8!VDEGH$N62I]$,F,$h$.$C$?!W!!?73c?LEY#66/(B

$B;37A8)2-$r?L8;$H$7!"?73c8)B<>e;T$G?LEY#66/$r4QB,$7$?CO?L$G!"MI$l$,Mh$?D>8e!"F|K\3$$N3$4_1h$$$rAv$k#J#R1)1[@~$,6[5^Dd;_$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!>h5R$NCK;R9b9;@8#2?M$H>hL30w#2?M$O6a$/$N9bBf$K$9$0$KHrFq!#IU6a$K$ODEGHCm0UJs$,H/Na$5$l$?$b$N$N!"L\$K8+$($kD,0L$NJQ2=$O$J$+$C$?$,!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!8$NCK@-!J#3#0!K$O!VDEGH$N62I]$,F,$r$h$.$C$?!W$H$*$S$($?MM;R$GOC$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!1)1[@~$NIaDLNsJT@.!K$,B<>e;T:{@nIU6a$N%H%s%M%k$rDL2a$7$h$&$H$7$?$H$3$m$G!"6[5^CO?LB.Js$,N.$l$?!#;XNa$+$i6[5^Dd;_$N;X<($b$-$?$,!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!!V%H%s%M%kFb$GDd;_$9$k$N$O4m81!W$H9M$(!"DL2a$7$?8e$KDd;_$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!1?9TCf$@$C$?$?$a!"CO?L$N5,LO$OJ,$+$i$J$+$C$?!#%X%C%I%i%$%H$G2M@~$r>H$i$9$H!"$+$J$jMI$l$F$$$k$3$H$,J,$+$C$?!#=i$a$F!VCO?L$,$-$F$$$k$s$@!W$H(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!3N?.$7$?!#!V$^$:>h5R$N0BA43NG'$r!W$H9M$(!"#2!"#3N>L\$K$$$?CK;R9b9;@8#2?M$r#1N>L\$KM6F3$7$?>e$G1?E>@J$N%I%"$+$i9_@J$+$i!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!IU6a$N=;L1$,9bBf$K$"$k?{86?@CKICD0w$,!VHrFq$7$F$/$@$5$$!W$H@<$r$+$1$F$-$?$N$G!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!!V$$$^!"DEGH$,Mh$F$$$k$s$G$9$+!W$H6+$s$@!#$"$?$j$O0E0G!#EE5$$rIU$1$?$^$^EE $B!!!!?@pJs$r=8$a$?$j$7$F$$$?!#9b9;@8$O7HBSEEOC$GN>?F$KL5;v$rEA$($?!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!Ls#2;~4V8e!"DEGH$N?4G[$,$J$/$J$C$?$3$H$+$i!"%?%/%7!<$r8F$S!">!LZ1X$^$G9T$/$O$:$@$C$?9b9;@8#2?M$rL5;vAw$j=P$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!8Nr#5G/$H$$$&CK@-$O:G6a!"ElF|K\Bg?L:R$N6571$r3X$s$@$P$+$j!#!VCO?L$GHrFq$7$?$N$O=i$a$F$@$C$?$,!"JY6/$,@8$-$?!W$H$[$C$H$7$?I=>p$G8l$C$?!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!1)1[@~$O#1#9F|8aA0#5;~H>;~E@$G!"B<>e!]$r8+9g$o$;$F$$$k!#(B

$BBg1+!"EZ:=:R32!"B3$/MI$l!D0lLkL@$1$F$b85DL$j$N@83h$O1s$/!!?73c?LEY#66/(B
$B!!!!;37A8)2-$r?L8;$H$7!"?73c8)B<>e;T$G?LEY#66/$r4QB,$7$?CO?L$+$i0lLkL@$1$?#1#9F|!";TFb$K$OBg1+7YJs$,H/Na$5$l!"Nd$?$$1+$,9_$jB3$1$?!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!0lIt$NCO6h$G$O9bNp $B!!!!!!!!!!!V$$$D$K$J$C$?$i85$N@83h$KLa$l$k$N!W!#=;L1$+$i$O$?$aB)$,O3$l$?!#(B
$B!!!!CO?LH/@8$+$i#1F|$,7P2a$7$F$b!";TKLIt$G$O;~@^!"MI$l$,=1$&!#F1;T:#@nCO6h$GHrFq=j$H$J$C$F$$$k:#@n=8Mn3+H/%;%s%?!<$G$O!"2!$74s$;$kM>?L$K(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!!VMh$?!W!V$$$d!W$H=w@-$?$A$NHaLD$,$3$@$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!CO?L$ND>8e!"IW$HCf3X@8$NB);R$HHrFq$7$?2q $B!!!!!!!!!!$r$7$F$$$?$H$3$m!"1+$,6/$^$j#2F|O"B3$NHrFq$H$J$C$?!#1`It$5$s$O!V$_$s$J$H9TF0$r6&$K$7$F$$$k$[$&$,0B?4$@$1$I!"O"F|$NHrFq@83h$O?4$b(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!BN$bHh$l$F$7$^$&!W$HO3$i$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!CO?L$NMI$l$,6/$+$C$?B<>e;T$d;37A8)Da2,;T$G$O!"MI$l$GCOHW$,4K$s$G$$$k2DG=@-$,$"$k!#5$>]D#$ON>;T$GBg1+7YJs!&Cm0UJs$J$I$NH/I=4p=`$r(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!0z$-2<$2$kJ}?K$r7hDj!#CO?L$G$$$C$?$sHrFq$7$?=;L1$,5"$j;O$a$kCf$G1+$,9_$j;O$a$?$?$a!";T$O2~$a$FHrFq=j$N=`Hw$r$9$k$J$IBP1~$KDI$o$l$?!#(B
$B!!!!!V5nG/$b6a$/$GEZ:=Jx$l$,$"$C$?!#CO?L$N8e$K1+$,6/$/9_$k$H!"$^$?Jx$l$k$N$G$O$J$$$+!W!#JL$NHrFq=j$K$$$?2q $B!!!!!!!!!!HrFq$r7h$a$?M}M3$r$3$&OC$9!#<+Bp$OEl5~ETFb$K$"$j!"B<>e;T$K$O7n$K#12sG@:n6H$KMh$k@83h$@$C$?!#!V#2#5F|$KEl5~$K5"$k$D$b$j$@$C$?$,!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!JRIU$1$b$7$J$$$H$$$1$J$$$7!"$I$&$7$?$b$N$+!W$HOC$7$?!#(B

$B!!!!$3$NHrFq=j$KHrFq$7$?:4F#M&$5$s!J#8#3!K$O!VCOHW$,4K$`$H;W$$Aa$a$KHrFq$7$?!#M>?L$bBg$-$$$N$,Mh$k$H;W$&$H!":#F|$bL2$l$k$+$I$&$+!W!#(B
$B!!!!;TFb$G$bMI$l$,6/$+$C$?F1;TI\20!J$U$d!KCO6h$O4$Ix$-$N2H$,B?$/!"F;O)$K$OMn$A$F3d$l$?4$$,;6Mp!#=;L1$OD+$+$iJRIU$1$KDI$o$l$?$,!"1+$,6/$/$J$j!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!$=$N:n6H$b$^$^$J$i$J$/$J$C$?!#(B
$B!!!!I\20CO6h$G$OCO?L$G20Fb$NC*$,E]$l$k$J$I$7$F!"$b$N$,;6Mp$7$?$j!"?)4o$J$I$,3d$l$?$j$7$?2H$bB?$$!#;T$OMW@A$,$"$l$P7zJ*$NGKB;>u67$N%A%'%C%/(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!$K?&0w$rGI8/$9$k$H$7$?$,!"Ho32$NB?$$I\20CO6h$K$D$$$F$OA48MD4::$9$k$H$$$&!#(B
$B!!;TFb$N>.Cf3X9;$O#1#9F|!"5Y9;$H$J$C$?$,!"I\20CO6h$J$I;TKLIt$r9;6h$H$9$k;TN)$5$s$]$/>.!";3KLCf$O!"M>?L$N62$l$J$I$+$i#2#0F|$b5Y9;$K$J$k8+DL$7$@!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!:#8e$N>u67$rCN$m$&$H;TLr=j$rK,$l$F$$$?=w@-2q $B!!!!!!!!!!9T$C$F$bB);R$,5$$,$+$j$J$N$G5Y$`$N$O9=$o$J$$$,!"$$$D$^$GB3$/$N$+CN$j$?$+$C$?!W$HIT0B$2$KOC$7$?!#(B


2019.6.19-NHK NEWS WEB-https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190618/k10011957721000.html
$B?73c8)$G?LEY#66/(B $B;37A8)$G?LEY#6

18$BF|Lk!";37A8)2-$G5/$-$?CO?L$G!"?73c8)$J$I$N1h4_$KDEGHCm0UJs$,H/I=$5$l$?$3$H$r]$KHrFq;X<($r=P$7$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!$3$l$K$h$j!"B?$/$N?M$,HrFq$7$?$b$N$N!":G4s$j$NHrFq>l=j$,3+$+$l$:!"JL$N>l=j$X$N0\F0$rM>57$J$/$5$l$?%1!<%9$,$"$C$?$3$H$,#N#H#K$N $B!!!!!!!!!!$G$o$+$j$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!?73c;T$O(B18$BF|Lk$NDEGHCm0UJs$r $B!!!!!!!!!!.3X9;$K$*$h$=(B150$B?M!"4X20>.3X9;$K$*$h$=(B100$B?M$J$I!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!;TFb$G9g$o$;$F(B4600$B?MM>$j$,HrFq$7$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!$H$3$m$,!":G4s$j$NHrFq>l=j$,3+$+$l$F$$$J$+$C$?$?$a!"JL$N>l=j$X$N0\F0$rM>57$J$/$5$l$?%1!<%9$,$"$C$?$3$H$,#N#H#K$N $B!!!!?73c;T$G$O!";TFb$N(B404$B$N7zJ*$rHrFq=j$dDEGHHrFq%S%k$K;XDj$7$F$$$^$9$,!":#2s!"3+@_$5$l$?$N$O$3$N$&$A$N(B110$B$+=j$K$H$I$^$C$?$H$$$&$3$H$G$9!#(B
$B!!!!$3$l$K$D$$$F?73c;T$O!"HrFq=j$dDEGHHrFq%S%k$,3+$+$l$k4p=`$O?LEY#6e$NCO?L$,5/$-$?>l9g$dDEGH7YJs$^$?$OBgDEGH7YJs$,=P$5$l$?>l9g(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!$K8B$i$l!"DEGHCm0UJs$G$O4p=`$K$"$F$O$^$i$J$+$C$?$?$a$@$H@bL@$7$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B!!!!$=$N$&$($G!"?73c;T$O!VA[Dj0J>e$NB?$/$N=;L1$,HrFq$7$?$3$H$G:.Mp$r>7$$$?!#HrFq$N8F$S$+$1J}$dHrFq=j$N3+@_$N4p=`$K2]Bj$,$"$C$?$H46$8$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!:#2s$N7P83$r$b$H$K!"$h$j$o$+$j$d$9$$HrFq$N8F$S$+$1J}$J$I$r8!F$$7$F$$$-$?$$!W$H$7$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B!!!!CO0hKI:R$K>\$7$$IY;3Bg3X$N0f%N8}=!@.=Z65 $B!!!!!!!!!!KI:R$N:_$jJ}$r9M$($F$$$+$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$!W$H;XE&$7$F$$$^$9!#(B


2019.6.19-NHK NEWS WEB-
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20190618/k10011957721000.html
$B?73c8)$G?LEY#66/(B $B;37A8)$G?LEY#6

18$BF|Lk!";37A8)2-$G%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B6.7$B$NCO?L$,$"$j!"?73c8)B<>e;T$G?LEY#66/$NMI$l$r!";37A8)Da2,;T$G?LEY#6 $B!!!!!!!!!!5$>]D#$O;37A8)$+$i@P@n8)$K$+$1$F$N1h4_$KDEGHCm0UJs$r=P$7$F$$$^$7$?$,!"(B19$BF|8aA0#1;~$9$.$K$9$Y$F2r=|$7$^$7$?!#5$>]D#$K$h$j$^$9$H!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!(B18$BF|Lk(B10$B;~(B22$BJ,$4$m!";37A8)2-$N?<$5(B14$B%-%m$r?L8;$H$9$k%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B6.7$B$NCO?L$,H/@8$7$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!$3$NCO?L$G!"?73c8)B<>e;T$G?LEY#66/$N7c$7$$MI$l$r4QB,$7$?$[$+!";37A8)Da2,;T$G?LEY#6 $B!!!!!!!!!!?73c8)$ND92,;T$HGp:j;T!"0$2lD.!";37A8)$N $B!!!!!!!!!!KL3$F;!"KLN&$J$I$N9-$$HO0O$G?LEY#4$+$i#1$NMI$l$r4QB,$7$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!$3$NCO?L$N$"$H$b3hH/$JCO?L3hF0$,B3$$$F$$$F!"(B19$BF|8aA0#1;~$^$G$KBN$K46$8$kCO?L$,(B10$B2sH/@8$7!"8aA0#0;~(B57$BJ,$4$m$K$O?73c8)B<>e;T$G?LEY#4$N(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!MI$l$r4QB,$9$kCO?L$,$"$j$^$7$?!#(B
$B!!!!5$>]D#$O;37A8)$+$i@P@n8)$K$+$1$F$N1h4_$KDEGHCm0UJs$r=P$7$F$$$^$7$?$,!"8aA0#1;~#2J,$K$9$Y$F2r=|$7$^$7$?!#5$>]D#$O!":#8e!"B?>/$ND,0L$N(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!JQ2=$,$"$k$+$b$7$l$^$;$s$,!"DEGH$NHo32$N?4G[$O$J$$$H$7$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B!!!!$3$l$^$G$K!"?73c8)$N?73c9A$G8aA0#0;~#6J,!"(B10$B%;%s%A$NDEGH$r4QB,$7$?$[$+!"?73c8)0@Eg$H;37A8)$N $B!!!!!!!!!!DEGH$,4QB,$5$l$^$7$?!#5$>]D#$O!"MI$l$N6/$+$C$?CO0h$G$O:#8e#1=54VDxEY$O:GBg?LEY#66/DxEY$NCO?L$,H/@8$9$k2DG=@-$,$"$k$H$7$F!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!:#8e$NCO?L3hF0$K$h$kEZ:=:R32$d7zJ*$NE]2u$J$I$K==J,Cm0U$9$k$h$&8F$S$+$1$F$$$^$9!#(B

$B3FCO$N>\$7$$?LEY$O(B
$B!!!!"'?LEY#5 $B!!!!"'?LEY#4$,!"4dk8)@P4,;T!"5\>k8)L>k8)4d>B;T!"5\>k8)EPJF;T!"5\>k8)7*86;T!"5\>k8)Bg:j;T!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!5\>k8)B"2&D.!"5\>k8)Bg2O86D.!"5\>k8)Bk8)@n:jD.!"5\>k8)4]?9D.!"5\>k8)>>EgD.!"5\>k8)MxI\D.!"5\>k8)?'KcD.!"5\>k8)2CH~D.!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!5\>k8)M0C+D.!"5\>k8)H~N$D.!"=)ED;T!"=)ED8)2#e;T!"=)ED8)Bg@g;T!"=)ED8)KL=)ED;T!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!=)ED8)$K$+$[;T!"=)ED8)@gKL;T!"=)ED8);0 $B!!!!!!!!!!;37A8)?7>1;T!";37A8)>e;3;T!";37A8)B<;3;T!";37A8)D90f;T!";37A8)Hx2VBt;T!";37A8)FnM[;T!";37A8);3JUD.!";37A8)Cf;3D.!";37A8)2OKLD.!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!;37A8)@>@nD.!";37A8)Bg9>D.!";37A8):G>eD.!";37A8)=.7AD.!";37A8)??<<@nD.!";37A8):z@nBD.!";37A8)>.9qD.!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!;37A8)HSK-D.!";37A8)>1FbD.!";37A8)M7:4D.!"J!Eg;T!"J!Eg8)$$$o$-;T!"J!Eg8)4nB?J};T!"J!Eg8)FnAjGO;T!"J!Eg8)7,@^D.!"J!Eg8)9q8+D.!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!J!Eg8)@>2qDED.!"J!Eg8)CvIDBeD.!"J!Eg8)2qDE:d2 $B!!!!!!!!!!?73c;TKL6h!"?73c;TEl6h!"?73c;TCf1{6h!"?73c;T9>Fn6h!"?73c;T=)MU6h!"?73c;TFn6h!"?73c;T@>6h!"?73c;T@>3w6h!"?73c8);0>r;T!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!?73c8)?7H/ED;T!"?73c8)2CLP;T!"?73c8)==F|D.;T!"?73c8)8+Im;T!"?73c8)1m;T!"?73c8)8^@t;T!"?73c8)0$2lLn;T!"?73c8):4EO;T!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!?73c8)5{>B;T!"?73c8)B[Fb;T!"?73c8)@;dFD.!"?73c8)LoI'B

$BCO?L(B
$B=PE5(B: $B%U%j!

$BCO?L(B
1-$BCO?L3X(B$B$K$*$1$kDj5A(B: $BCO5e(B$BI=LL$r9=@.$7$F$$$k4dHW!J(B$BCO3L(B$B!K$NFbIt$G!"8G$/L)Ce$7$F$$$k4d@PF1;N$,!"(B$BCGAX(B$B$H8F$P$l$kGK2uLL$r6-L\$K$7$F!"5^7c$K$:$lF0$/$3$H!#$3$l$K$h$C$FBg$-$JCOLL$N(B$B?6F0(B$B$,@8$8$3$l$r(B$BCO?LF0(B$B!J$8$7$s$I$&!K$H$$$&!#(B
2-$BBgCO$N$f$l(B: $BCO?LF0$N$3$H$G0lHLE*$K$O$3$A$i$b!VCO?L!W$H8F$P$l$k!#!VCO?L!W!J$J$p$U$k!K$H$$$&8l6g$O!X(B$BF|K\=q5*(B$B!Y$K$b8+$(!"$=$NB>(B$B8EJ8=q(B$B$N5-O?$K$bEP>l$9$k$,!"$3$l$i$O:#F|$NCO?L3X$K$*$1$kCO?LF0$N$3$H$G$"$j!"$^$?!VBgCO?L!W!"!V>.CO?L!W$J$I$H6&$K(B$B?LEY(B$B$NDxEY$rI=$9$b$N$G$b$"$C$?(B
$B35MW(B
$B!!!!CO2<$N(B$B4dHW(B$B$K$OMM!9$JMW0x$K$h$j(B$BNO(B$B!J$R$:$_!K$,$+$+$C$F$*$j!"5^7c$JJQ7A$K$h$C$F$3$l$r2r>C$9$k8=>]$,CO?L$G$"$k!#(B$BCO5e(B$B$NFbIt$G5/$3$k(B$BCO$B8=>]!JCOo$K$f$C$/$j$H$:$lF0$/8=>]$r(B$BCO3LJQF0(B$B$H8F$V!#(B
$B!!!!CO?L$K$h$C$FJQ7A$7$?(B$B4d@P(B$B$NCGLL$r(B$BCGAX(B$B$H$$$$!"CO2$BCOI=CO?LCGAX(B
$B$H$J$k>l9g$,$"$k!#0lEYCGAX$H$J$C$?LL$O6/EY$,Dc2<$9$k$?$a7+$jJV$7CO?L$r0z$-5/$3$9$H9M$($i$l$F$$$k!#FC$K(B$B%+%j%U%)%k%K%"(B$B$K$"$k(B$B%5%s%"%s%I%l%"%9CGAX(B$B$O(B1,000 km$B0J>e$K5Z$VD9Bg$J$b$N$G7+$jJV$7CO?L$r5/$3$7$F$*$j!"F|K\$N(B$BCO?L3X(B$B$G!"F|K\$G$O(B$BJ<8K8)FnItCO?L(B$B$N(B$BLnEgCGAX(B$B!"(B$BG;HxCO?L(B$B$N(B$B:,HxC+CGAX(B$B!"(B$BKL0KF&CO?L(B$B$N(B$BC0FaCGAX(B$B$J$I$,M-L>$G$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!CO?L$K$h$C$F@8$8$k(B$B?6F0(B$B$O9bB.$N(B$BCO?LGH(B$B$H$J$C$FCOCf$rEA$o$j!"(B$B?M4V(B$B$,@83h$7$F$$$kCOI=$G$b(B$BCO?LF0(B$B$H$7$F46$8$i$l$k!#(B
$B!!!!CO?LGH$O(B$BGH(B$B$N0l$BI=LLGH(B$B!K$KBgJL$5$l$k!#P$BGH(B$B!J$?$FGH!"ABL)GH!K$H!"B.EY$,CY$$(BS$BGH(B$B!J2#GH!"$M$8$lGH!K$KJ,$1$i$l$k(B$B!#(B
$B!!!!CO?L$N$O$8$a$K46$8$i$l$k$3$H$,B?$$:Y$+$$?LF0!J(B$B=i4|HyF0(B$B!K$O(BP$BGH!"CO?L$N7c$7$$?LF0!J$B?L1{(B$B$H4QB,COE@$H$N4V$N5wN%$KHfNc$9$k!#=i4|HyF0$,D9$$$[$I?L8;$O1s$$!#=i4|HyF0$,D9$/$+$Dl9g$O!"?L8;$,1s$$$K$b4X$o$i$:(B$B?6I}(B$B$,Bg$-$$$N$G!"BgCO?L$N2DG=@-$,9M$($i$l$k!#$^$?!"(BP$BGH$O(BS$BGH$h$j$bB.$$$N$G!"(BP$BGH$r8!CN$7$?$H$-$K(B$B7YJs(B$B$r=P$;$PHo32$,7Z8:$G$-$k$3$H$+$i!"(B$B6[5^CO?LB.Js(B$B$d6[5^Dd;_%7%9%F%`(B$B$G1~MQ$5$l$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!CO2<$GCGAX$,F0$$$?;~!":G=i$KF0$$$?COE@$r(B$B?L8;(B$B$H8F$S!"CO>e$K$*$1$k?L8;$N??>e$NCOE@$r(B$B?L1{(B$B$H8F$V!#%F%l%S$d?7J9$J$I$G0lHLE*$K;HMQ$5$l$k?L8;$O?L1{$N0LCV$r<($7$F$$$k!#?L8;$,F0$$$?8e$b$^$o$j$KLL>u$K$:$l$,@8$8!"(B$B?L8;0h(B$B$H8F$P$l$k$:$l$?ItJ,A4BN$,CO?LGH$rH/$9$k!#(B
$B!!!!CO?LGH$NB.EY$O$[$\0lDj$G$"$j>e5-$N$h$&$K0[$B!"(B$BCO?L7W(B$B$GCO?LGH$r4QB,$9$k$3$H$K$h$j!"(B1$BCOE@0J>e$N4QB,$G4QB,COE@$+$i?L1{$^$G$N5wN%(B[$BCm(B 5]$B!"(B2$BCOE@0J>e$N4QB,$G?L1{$N0LCV!"(B3$BCOE@0J>e$N4QB,$G?L8;$N?<$5$r5a$a$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!#$3$N;;=P<0$O(B$BBg?9K<5H(B$B$,(B1899$BG/$KH/I=$7$?$N$G!"!V!J?L8;$N!K(B$BBg?98x<0(B$B!W$H8F$P$l$F$$$k!#$3$N$[$+$KCO?L$r4^$a$?CO2<$N=t8=>]$N2rL@$d!"(B$B3K$B$N4F;k$J$I$KM-MQ$G$"$k$3$H$+$i@$3&E*$KCO?L4QB,LV$,@0Hw$5$l$F$$$k!#F|K\$OCO?L:R32$,B?$$$3$H$+$iCO?L7W$d(B$B?LEY7W(B$B$,?t@i$+=j$N5,LO$G9bL)EY$K@_CV$5$l!"(B$B5$>]D#(B$B$K$h$k?WB.$J(B$BCO?L>pJs(B$BH/I=$d6[5^CO?LB.Js$J$I$K3hMQ$5$l$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!$J$*!"0l$D$NCO?L$NCO?LGH$K$O$$$m$$$m$J(B$B<~4|(B$B!J(B$B<~GH?t(B$B!K$N@.J,$,4^$^$l$F$*$j!"$=$N0c$$$K$h$C$FHo32$,0[$J$k$[$+!"6aNY$NCO0h$G$b(B$BI=AXCOHW(B$B$N9=B$$d(B$B7zJ*(B$B$NBg$-$5!&7A>u$K$h$C$FMI$lJ}$,Bg$-$/0[$J$k$3$H$,CN$i$l$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!$^$?CO?L$O!"?L8;$N?<$5$K$h$C$F!"@uH/CO?L!"cD!J$d$d!K?$B?$B$N(B3$B$D$KJ,N`$5$l$k!#A0l9g$,B?$/!"8el9g$,B?$$$,!"E}0l$7$?Dj5A$O$J$$!#?L8;$,?<$$CO?L$OF1$85,LO$N@u$$CO?L$KHf$Y$FCOI=$G$NMI$l$O>.$5$$!#$?$@$7!"CO2<9=B$$N1F6A$K$h$j?L1{$+$iN%$l$?COE@$GBg$-$/MI$l$k(B$B0[>o?L0h(B$B$,8=$l$k$3$H$,$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!$3$N$[$+$KCO?L$rFCD'IU$1$k$b$N$H$7$F!"(B$BH/?L5!9=(B$B$H$h$P$l$kCGAX$NF0$-J}$dCO?L$NBg$-$5$J$I$,$"$k!#(B
$BCO?L$NBg$-$5(B
$BCO?L$NBg$-$5$rI=8=$9$k;XI8$O$l$$$/$D$+$N$B;X?t4X?t(B$B!"?LEY$O(B$BHs@~7A(B$B4X?t$G$"$j!"?t;z$NBg$-$5$H$BHfNc(B$B4X78$G$O$J$$!#(B
$B%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B (M)$B$OCO?L$N5,LO$9$J$o$ACGAX$NBg$-$5!"$"$k$$$OCO?L$N:]$KJ|=P$5$l$k(B$B%(%M%k%.!<(B$B$NNL$rI=$9;XI8$G$"$k!#(B
$B?LEY3,5i(B$B!J?LEY!K$OCOI=$N3FCOE@$G$NMI$l$NBg$-$5$rI=$9;XI8$G$"$k!#C1$K!V$"$kCO?L$N?LEY!W$H$$$&>l9g$K$O!"$=$NCO?L$K$*$1$kA44QB,COE@$N:GBg?LEY$r$$$&!#(B
$BCO?L3hF0(B
$B!!!!Hf3SE*Bg$-$JCO?L$O!"CO?L3hF0$K;~4VE*!&6u4VE*$J$^$H$^$j$,$"$j!"$=$NCf$G:G$b5,LO$,Bg$-$JCO?L$r(B$BK\?L(B$B$H8F$V!#$?$@$7!"K\?L$N6hJL$,MF0W$G$J$$CO?L$b$"$j!"CGAX$N$:$l$NDxEY$dA08e$K5/$3$kCO?L$N7P2a!"CGAX$N2a5n$N3hF0$J$I$r9MN8$7$FH=CG$5$l$k!#K\?L$KBP$7$F!"$=$NA0$K5/$3$k$b$N$r(B$BA0?L(B$B!"$=$N8e$K5/$3$k$b$N$r(B$BM>?L(B$B$H$$$&!#Ho32$r$b$?$i$9$h$&$JBgCO?L$G$O$[$\Nc30$J$/M>?L$,H/@8$7!"M>?L$K$h$jHo32$,3HBg$9$kNc$bB?$$!#Bg$-$JCO?L$G$"$k$[$I!"K\?L$N8e$K5/$3$kM>?L$N2s?t!&5,LO$,Bg$-$/$J$k$,!"!V(B$B!JM>?L$N!K2~NIBg?98x<0(B$B!W$K=>$C$F/$9$k!#$3$N8x<0$+$iM>?L$NH/@83NN($rM=B,$7$?$j!"3hF0EY$NDc2<$+$iBg$-$JM>?L$NH/@8$rM=B,$9$k8&5f$b9T$o$l$F$$$k!#M>?L$NH/@8$9$kHO0O$O?L8;0h$H$[$\=E$J$k!#$J$*!"BgCO?L$NCO3LJQF0$N1F6A$G?L8;0h$N30$GCO?L3hF0$,3hH/$K$J$k>l9g$,$"$j!"$3$l$r(B$BM6H/CO?L(B$B$H$$$&!#(B
$B!!!!K\?L$H8F$Y$k$h$&$J$R$H$^$o$j5,LO$NBg$-$JCO?L$,$J$/!"F15,LO$NCO?L$,B?H/$9$k$b$N$r(B$B72H/CO?L(B$B$H$$$&!#$^$?(B1990$BG/Be0J9_Ia5Z$7$?8F>N$@$,!"F1$8CGAX$G?t==G/$+$i?tK|G/0J>e$N4V3V$G7+$jJV$7H/@8$9$k$b$N$r(B$B8GM-CO?L(B$B!JAj;wCO?L!K$H$$$$!"BgCO?L$H8F$P$l$k$h$&$JJ#?t$N8GM-CO?L$,F1;~$^$?$OC;$$4V3V$GH/@8!J$B%;%0%a%s%H(B$B$rGK2u!K$9$k$b$N$r(B$BO"F07?CO?L(B$B$H$$$&!#$^$?!"CO?L$N%a%+%K%:%`2rL@$N2aDx$G(B$B%W%l!<%H(B$B$N(B$B%F%/%H%K%/%9(B$B!JF0$-!K$H$NBP1~4X78$+$iCO?L$O(B4$B$lH/@8CO0h!"MI$l$NBg$-$5$dHo32$N798~$,0[$J$k!#(B
$BCO?L$K$h$k:R32(B
$B!!!!Bg$-$JCO?L$O$7$P$7$P(B$B7zB$J*(B$B$rGK2u$7$F(B$B2H:b(B$B$r;6Mp$5$;!"(B$B2P:R(B$B!"(B$BEZ:=:R32(B$B$J$I$r0z$-5/$3$7!"?ME*Ho32$r$b$?$i$9!"E57?E*$J<+A3(B$B:R32(B$B$N(B1$B$D$G$"$k!#(B$BCO?LM=CN(B$B$N8&5f$b9T$o$l$F$$$k$,!"(B$BE75$M=Js(B$B$N$h$&$J2J3XE*$JM=Js!&M=CN$,3NN)$5$l$F$*$i$:!"A0?($l$b$J$/FMA3$d$C$F$/$k!#$=$N$?$a!"7zB$J*$dCOHW$N(B$B6/EY(B$B$rD4$Y$FJd6/$9$k!"?L:R;~$N@83hJ*;q$r(B$BHwC_(B$B$9$k!"HrFq7W2h$rN)$F$k$J$I!":R32$KHw$($k!V(B$BKI:R(B$B!W$d:R32$r7Z8:$9$k!V(B$B8::R(B$B!W$N9M$(J}$+$iBP:v$r$H$j!"!V$$$DMh$F$b$$$$$h$&$K!WHw$($k$N$,0lHLE*$G$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!$^$?!"3$0h$GH/@8$9$kBg5,LO$JCO?L$O(B$BDEGH(B$B$rH/@8$5$;!"?L8;$+$i1s$/MI$l$r46$8$J$+$C$?$H$3$m$K$b:R32$r$b$?$i$9$3$H$,$"$k!#$=$N$?$a!"3X=QE*$J8&5f$J$I$NL\E*$K2C$($F!"DEGH$NH/@8$rB.Js$9$kL\E*$G!"3F9q$N9T@/5!4X$dBg3XEy$K$h$C$FCO?L$NH/@8>u67$,F|!94F;k$5$l$F$$$k!#(B1960$BG/(B$B%A%jCO?L(B$B0J9_!"=i$a$F(B$BB@J?MN(B$BA40h$N(B$BDEGH7YJs(B$B%7%9%F%`$,@0Hw$5$l!"(B2004$BG/$N(B$B%9%^%H%iEg2-CO?L(B$B0J9_$O$=$NBV@*$bBg$-$/6/2=$5$l!"(B$B%$%s%IMN(B$B$G$b@0Hw$5$l$F$$$k!#(B

$B%a%+%K%:%`(B($BCO5e$NFbIt9=B$$K$D$$$F$O!V(B$BCO5e(B#$B9=B$(B$B!W$r!"%W%l!<%H$N0\F0$K4X$9$k@bL@$K$D$$$F$O!V(B$B%W%l!<%H%F%/%H%K%/%9(B$B!W$r!"CO?L$NH/@8!"CGAXGK2u$N>\:Y$K$D$$$F$O!V(B$BCO?LH/@8J*M}3X(B$B!W$r;2>H(B)
$B!!!!CO5e$NI=AX$O(B$B%W%l!<%H(B$B$H8F$P$l$k9E$$HD$N$h$&$J4dHW$G$G$-$F$*$j!"$=$N%W%l!<%H$O0\F0$7!"%W%l!<%HF1;N$G2!$79g$$$rB3$1$F$$$k!#$=$N$?$a!"%W%l!<%HFbIt$d%W%l!<%H4V$N6-3&It$K$O!"(B$BNO(B$B$,2C$o$j(B$BOD$_(B$B$,C_@Q$7$F$$$k!#$3$l$i4dHWFb$G$O!"4dHW$N(B$BL)EY(B$B$,Dc$/$b$m$$!"(B$B29EY(B$B!J(B$BG4@-(B$B!K$,9b$$!"Bg$-$JK`;$NO$,3]$+$C$F$$$k$J$I$NM}M3$GOD$_$,N/$^$j$d$9$$ItJ,$,$"$k!#$3$3$G(B$B1~NO(B$B!J%9%H%l%9!K$,6I=jE*$K9b$^$j!"(B$B4dBN(B$B!J4dHW!K$N(B$BQrCGGK2u6/EY(B$B$rD6$($F!"CGAX$,@8$8$"$k$$$O4{B8$NCGAX$,F0$/$3$H$,CO?L$G$"$k$H9M$($i$l$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!CGAX$O$$$o$P2a5n$NCO?L$G@8$8$?8E=}$G$"$j!"CO3L$KBP$9$k1~NO$,=8Cf$7$d$9$$$3$H$+$i!"CGAX$G$O7+$jJV$7F1$8$h$&$J<~4|!J:FMh4V3V!K$GCO?L$,H/@8$9$k!#CGAX$NBg$-$5$O?tI4(B m$B$+$i?t@i(B km$B$^$G$"$j!"$^$?$=$NCGAX$N:FMh4V3V$b?tG/$+$i?t==K|G/$H$5$^$6$^$G$"$k!#CGAX$NCf$G$b!"?t2/G/$+$i?tI4K|G/A0$^$GF0$$$F$$$F8=:_$OF0$$$F$$$J$$$h$&$JCGAX$,$"$j!"$=$N$h$&$J$b$N$O8ECGAX$H$$$C$FCO?L$r5/$3$5$J$$!#0lJ}!"8=:_$bF0$$$F$$$kCGAX$r(B$B3hCGAX(B$B$H$$$&(B$B!#F|K\$@$1$G$bLs(B2,000$B$N3hCGAX$,$"$k(B[4]$B!#$?$@$7!"3hF0$NM-L5$rH=JL$9$k$N$,Fq$7$$CGAX$dBg5,LOC5::$r9T$o$J$1$l$PH/8+$G$-$J$$CGAX$b$"$C$F!"8ECGAX$H$$$o$l$F$$$?CGAX$dCN$i$l$F$$$J$+$C$?CGAX$,F0$$$FCO?L$r5/$3$7$?Nc$b$"$k$?$a!"KI:R>eCm0U$7$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$!#(B
$B!!!!4dHWFb$GC_@Q$5$l$k1~NO$O!"2!$79g$&NO$@$1$G$O$J$/!"0z$CD%$j9g$&NO$d!"$9$l0c$&NO$J$IMM!9$J8~$-$N$b$N$,B8:_$7!"$=$l$K$h$C$FCGAX$N$:$l$kJ}8~$,JQ$o$k!#2!$79g$&1~NO$OCGAXLL$N>eB&$,@9$j>e$,$k(B$B5UCGAX(B$B!"0z$CD%$j9g$&1~NO$OCGAXLL$N2e$,$k(B$B@5CGAX(B$B!"$9$l0c$&1~NO$O$[$\?bD>$JCGAXLL$NN>B&$,8_$$0c$$$KF0$/(B$B2#$:$lCGAX(B$B$r7A@.$9$k!#B?$/$NCGAX$O!"@5CGAX7?!&5UCGAX7?$N$:$lJ}$H!"2#$:$lCGAX7?$N$:$lJ}$N$I$A$i$+$,%a%$%s$H$J$j!"$b$&0lJ}$N$:$lJ}$bB?>/9g$o$5$C$?7A$H$J$k!#(B
$B$h$/%F%l%SHVAH$G%W%l!<%H6-3&$,=V4VE*$K$:$l$FD7$M>e$,$j!"$=$NF0$-<+BN$,CO?L$NMI$l!JCO?LF0!"CO?LGH!K$HF10l$G$"$k$+$N$h$&$J@bL@$,$"$k$,!"C;<~4|$NMI$l$O!"$:$l$k$H$-$N(B$BK`;$(B$B$N?6F0$G$"$j!"CGAX7?CO?LEy$N:G=*E*$JMI$l$Ne$G$N4d@P$NGK2u$BGK2u(B$B$H$5$l$F$$$k!#?L8;0h$,9-$/$:$l$,@8$8$F$$$k;~4V$,D9$1$l$P!"$=$l$@$1D9$/MI$lB3$1$k!#(B$BDEGH(B$B$O!"3$Dl$N$:$l$NF0$-$=$N$b$N$,3$?e$KEA$o$C$F5/$-$k!#(B
$B!!!!CO?L$N;O$^$j$O!"4dHWFbIt$N0lE@$+$iGK2u$,;O$^$j!"5^7c$K4dHW$,$:$l$FOD$_$r2rJ|$7;O$a$k$3$H$G$"$k!#GK2u$,;O$^$C$?0lE@$,(B$B?L8;(B$B$G$"$j!"GK2u$5$l$F$:$l$?ItJ,$,CGAX$H$J$k!#$3$N$:$l$?ItJ,$O!"CO?LGH$r2r@O$9$kCJ3,$G$OJX59E*$K(B$BJ?LL(B$B!JCGAXLL$^$?$OGK2uLL$H8F$V!K$H2>Dj$7!"CGAXLL$N8~$-!JAv8~!K$dCGAXLL$N(B$B1tD>(B$BJ}8~$KBP$9$k3QEY!J79l9g$O!"8e$N2r@O$dM>?L$N2r@O$K$h$j?dDj$5$l$k!#(B
$B!!!!?L8;$G;O$^$C$?4dHW$NGK2uHO0O$O!"B?$/$N>l9gICB.(B2 - 3km$B$G3HBg$7!"GK2u$5$l$?4dHW$O!"B.$$$H$-$GICB.?t(B m$B$G$:$l$r3HBg$5$;$F$$$/!#(B
$B0J2<$O
1923$BG/$N(B$B4XElCO?L(B$B$G$O!"(B$B?@F`@n8)(B$B>.ED86D>2u$KEAGE$7$F(B40 - 50$BIC$GKEg$NC<$K$^$G;j$j!"D9$5(B130 km$B!"I}(B70 km$B$NCGAXLL$r7A@.$7!"(B$B>.ED86;T(B - $B?ALn;T(B$B$NCO2<$H(B$B;01:H>Eg(B$B$NCO2<$GFC$KBg$-$J$:$l$r@8$8!"Ls(B8$BIC$G(B7 - 8 m$B$:$l$?(B$B!#(B
1995$BG/$N(B$BJ<8K8)FnItCO?L(B$B$G$O!"(B$BL@@P3$6.(B$B$NCO2<(B17 km$B$G;O$^$C$?GK2u$O!"KLEl$N(B$B?@8M;T(B$B$NCO2<$+$i!"Fn@>$N(B$BC8O)Eg(B$BCfIt$K$^$G3HBg$7!"Ls(B13$BIC$GD9$5(B40 km$BI}(B10 km$B$NCGAXLL$r7A@.$7$?!#(B

$B$3$N$h$&$K$7$FGK2u$,=*7k$9$k$H!"0l$D$NCO?L$,=*$o$k$3$H$K$J$k!#$3$NCGAXLL$N9-$5$H$:$l$NBg$-$5$O!"CO?L$N5,LO$H4XO"$7$F$$$k!#B?$/$N>l9g!"CGAXLL$,9-$/!"$:$l$,Bg$-$/$J$l$PBgCO?L$H$J$j!"5U$K>.$5$JCO?L$G$OGK2u$O>.5,LO$G$"$k!#$3$&$7$F0l$D$NCO?L$,=*7k$7$F$b!"BgCO?L$N>l9g$OCGAXLL$K$O$^$@GK2u$5$l$:$K;D$C$F$$$F!"OD$_$r$?$a9~$s$G$$$kItJ,$,$"$k!#$=$l$i$N4dHW$b!"M>?L$K$h$C$F.5,LO$JGK2u$@$H$$$&@b$J$I$,$"$k$,!"$O$C$-$j$H2rL@$5$l$F$$$J$$!#(B
$BK\?L$N8e$KM>?L$,B??tH/@8$9$k!VK\?L(B - $BM>?L7?!W$d!"$=$l$K2C$($FA0?L$bH/@8$9$k!VA0?L(B - $BK\?L(B - $BM>?L7?!W$N>l9g$O!"1~NO$,0l5$$KA}2C$9$k$3$H$GH/@8$9$k$H9M$($i$l$F$$$k!#0lJ}$G72H/CO?L$N>l9g$O!"1~NO$,Hf3SE*4K$d$+$J%9%T!<%I$GA}2C$9$k$3$H$GCO?L$,B??tH/@8$9$k$H9M$($i$l$F$$$k(B$B!#(B
$BCO?LH/@8$N$-$C$+$1(B
$BCO?LH/@8$^$G$N%a%+%K%:%`$O=y!9$KL@$i$+$K$J$C$F$$$k$,!"COHW$d4dHW$KN/$^$C$?1~NO$N2rJ|$rB%$7$F$$$k(B$B0z$-6b(B$B$,2?$G$"$k$+$O$[$H$s$I$,Ff$N$^$^$K$J$C$F$$$F!"$O$C$-$j$H$7$?FCDj$O$J$5$l$F$*$i$:!"MM!9$J@b$,E83+$5$l$F$$$k!#$3$N0z$-6b$K4X$7$F$O!"(B$BAj4X(B$B@-$NHf3S$K$h$j(B$BE}7W3X(B$BE*$KAj4X$r8+=P$9$3$H$O2DG=$G$"$k$,!"$=$l$,(B$B0x2L4X78(B$B$G$"$k$+$rF1Dj$9$k$N$OCO?L3XE*$J8&5f$KMj$k$b$N$G!"J,Ln$,>/$70[$J$k!#(B
$B?eJ,$NN.F~(B
$BJ<8K8)FnItCO?L(B$B$,(B$B%U%#%j%T%s3$%W%l!<%H(B$B$+$i@8$8$??e$K$h$C$FM6H/$5$l$?$H$$$&@b$,$"$k!#$^$?(B$BElKLBg3X(B$B$K$h$l$P!"(B$B?73cCf1[2-CO?L(B[9]$B$d(B$B4dkFbN&CO?L(B$B$J$IJ#?t$NCO?L$OCGAXD>2<$N%^%0%^$,Nd$($?$3$H$GH/@8$7$??eJ,$,=a3jL}$NLr3d$r2L$?$70z$-5/$3$5$l$?$H$$$&!#$3$NB>!"(B7$B$D$N2P;3Eg$+$i$J$k(B%l%9=tEg(B" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">$B%"%>%l%9=tEg(B$B$G$O1+$,9_$k$H(B2$BF|8e$K>.$5$JCO?L$,5/$3$C$?$j(B[12]$B!"9[;3$N?eKW0h$G$O1+?e$,N.$l9~$`$3$H$GCO?L$rM6H/$7$?$j$9$kNc$b$"$k!#(B
$BD,<.NO(B($B!V(B$BD,<.(B#$BCO?L$H$N4X78(B$B!W$b;2>H(B)
$BB@M[(B$B$d(B$B7n(B$B$H$N(B$BD,<.(B$B$,H/@8$N0z$-6b$K$J$k$H$N8+J}$b$"$k!#FC$K!"(B$BK~7n(B$B$H(B$B?77n(B$B;~$K6/$^$C$?D,<.NO$,CO?L$rM6H/$9$k2DG=@-$,;XE&$5$l$F$*$j(B$B!"(B$B%9%^%H%iEg(B$B2-$G$O(B2004$BG/$NCO?L(B$B$N(B8$BG/A0$+$iD,<.NO$,6/$^$C$?;~4VBS$KCO?L$,=8Cf$7$F$$$?$3$H$bH=L@$7$F$$$k!#$^$?!"(B$BElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L(B$B$NM6H/CO?L$H$_$i$l$k0lO"$N(B$BD9Ln8)KLIt!J1IB$B$G$O!"Ls(B50 %$B$H$$$&9b$$Aj4X$GD,<.$K$h$k1F6A$,3NG'$5$l$F$*$j!"$5$i$KElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L$N?L8;0h$K$*$$$F$bCGAX$,F0$/J}8~$K$+$+$kD,<.NO$N6/$5$HCO?LH/@8?t!J(BMw5$B0J>e!K$NAj4X4X78$,(B2000$BG/:"$r6-$K8+$i$l;O$a!"K\?L!J(B2011$BG/!K$N?tG/A0$h$j82Cx$H$J$C$?$,!"K\?LH/@88e$K$O:F$S$3$N4X78@-$,8+$i$l$J$/$J$C$F$$$k(B[17]$B!#(B$BKI:R2J3X5;=Q8&5f=j(B$B$G$O!"(B$BOD$_(B$B$,N/$^$C$F$$$kCO0h$K4X$7$FD,<.NO$,CO?L$N0z$-6b$K$J$C$F$$$k2DG=@-$,9b$$$H$7$F$$$k(B$B!#$3$NB>!"(B$BEl5~Bg3X(B$B$NCO?L2J3X8&5f%0%k!<%W$i$N$O(B1$BK|7o0J>e$NCO?L%G!<%?$+$i!"D,<.NO$N6/$$;~4|$K(B$B5pBgCO?L(B$B$NH/@83NN($,>e>:$9$k$H$$$&8&5f7k2L$r1Q(B$B2J3X;o(B$B!V(B$B%M%$%A%c!<(B $B%8%*%5%$%(%s%9(B$B!W!J(B2016$BG/(B9$B7n(B12$BF|IUEE;RHG!K$KH/I=$7!">.$5$J4d@P$NGK2u$,D,<.NO$K$h$C$FBg5,LO$JGK2u$X$HH/E8$7$F$$$/2DG=@-$r<(:6$7$?!#(B
$BCO?L!J(B$BM6H/CO?L(B$B!K(B
$BBgCO?L$K$*$$$F$O!"1sCO$KCO?LGH$,E~C#$7MI$l$F$$$k:GCf$KCO?L$,M6H/$5$l$k$3$H$,$"$k!#(B$BI=LLGH(B$B$NE~C#;~$K8+$i$l$k$3$H$,B?$/!"$3$l$OF0E*$J(B$B1~NO(B$BJQ2=$,860x$H$5$l$F$$$k!#$^$?!"1s$/N%$l$?>l=j$GH/@8$7$?CO?L$N(B$BCO3LJQF0(B$B$,F0E*$J1~NOJQ2=$r@8$8!";~4V$r$*$$$F$+$i$bJL$NCO?L$rM6H/$9$k$H$$$&8&5fJs9p$,$"$k(B$B!#(B
$BCO?L$N5,LO$HMI$l$N;XI8(B
$B%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B($B>\:Y$O!V(B$B%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B$B!W$r;2>H(B)
$B0lHLE*$K!"CO?L$N5,LO$rI=$9;XI8$H$7$F$O!"(B$B%(%M%k%.!<(B$BNL$r<($9(B$B%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B$B$rMQ$$!"!V(BM$B!W$HI=5-$9$k!#%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$K$O;;DjJ}K!$K$h$C$F$$$/$D$+$N$B%b!<%a%s%H%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B (Mw) $B$,9-$/;H$o$l$k!#F|K\$G$O(B$B5$>]D#%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B (Mj) $B$,9-$/;H$o$l$k!#(B
$B!!!!B>$K$b$=$l$>$l$N4QB,5!4X$K$h$C$F;HMQ$5$l$k%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$N%?%$%W$,0[$J$k>l9g$b$"$k$,!"$=$NCM$O:90[$,$G$-$k$@$1>.$5$/$J$k$h$&$KDj$a$i$l$F$$$k!#$3$l$i$O:G=i$K%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$rDj5A$7$?(B$B%A%c!<%k%:!&%j%R%?!<(B$B$N$b$N$N2~NIHG$G$"$j!"4pK\E*$KCO?LF0$N:GBg?6I}$N(B$B>oMQBP?t(B$B$r4pAC$H$9$k!#%b!<%a%s%H%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$r=|$-!"$$$:$l$N%?%$%W$b(B8.5$BDxEY0J>e$N(B$B5pBgCO?L(B$B$d(B$BD65pBgCO?L(B$B$G$O$=$NCM$,F,BG$A$K$J$k798~$r;}$D!#(B
$B!!!!$3$N$BCO?L%b!<%a%s%H(B$B$+$i;;=P$5$l$k(B$B%b!<%a%s%H%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B (Mw) $B$,CO?L$N5,LO$rI=$9;XI8$H$7$FMQ$$$i$l$k$3$H$,B?$/!"$3$l$rC1$K!V(BM$B!W$HI=5-$9$k$3$H$bB?$$!J(B$B%"%a%j%+CO (USGS) $B$J$I!K!#(B
$BF|K\$G$O!"5$>]D#$,FH<+$NDj5A$K$h$k(B
$B5$>]D#%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B (Mj) $B$rH/I=$7$F$*$j!"F|K\$G$O$3$l$rC1$K!V(BM$B!W$HI=5-$9$k$3$H$bB?$$!#$3$l$KBP$7!"B?$/$N9q$G$O(B$BI=LLGH%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B (Ms) $B$d(B$B (Mb) $B$N$3$H$r!"C1$K%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$H8F$V$3$H$,B?$$!#(BM$B$,(B1$BBg$-$/$J$k$H%(%M%k%.!<$OLs(B31.6$BG\!"(B2$BBg$-$/$J$k$H$A$g$&$I(B1,000$BG\$H$J$k!#?MN`$N4QB,;K>e:G$bBg$-$JCO?L!"$D$^$j%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B (Mw) $B$,:G$bBg$-$+$C$?$N$O!"(B1960$BG/$N(B$B%A%jCO?L(B(Mw9.5, Ms8.5)$B$G$"$k!#(B
$B$"$kCO?L$N%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$G$"$C$F$b!"5!4X$K$h$C$F0[$J$C$?$j!"J#?t$NCM$rH/I=$9$k>l9g$,$"$k!#Nc$($P(B$BElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L(B$B$N%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$O(B9.0$B$H$5$l$F$$$k$,!"$3$l$O%b!<%a%s%H!&%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$G$"$j!"=>Mh$N5$>]D#%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$G$O(B8.4$B$G$"$k!#$J$*H/@8D>8e$+$i?tEYD{@5$5$l$F$$$F!"5$>]D#%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$G(B7.9$B$HB.Js$7$?$,!"8e$K(B8.4$B$H=$@5$7!"$5$i$K%b!<%a%s%H%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$G(B8.8$B$HH/I=$7!":G=*E*$K(B9.0$B$H$7$?!#(B$B%"%a%j%+CO (USGS) $B$OFH<+$K%b!<%a%s%H%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B9.0$B$HH/I=$7$F$$$k!#(B
$B?LEY(B($B>\:Y$O!V(B
$B?LEY(B$B!W$r;2>H(B)
$BCO?LF0$NBg$-$5$rI=$9?tCM$H$7$F!"(B$BB.EY(B$B$d(B$B2CB.EY(B$B!"(B$BJQ0L(B$B$J$I$,$"$k!#(B$B7zC[J*(B$B$d(B$BEZLZ(B$B9=B$J*$N(B$B@_7W(B$B$NJ,Ln$G$O!"(B$B1~Ez%9%Z%/%H%k(B$B$d(BSI$BCM(B$B$H$$$&;XI8$b!"CO?LF0$NBg$-$5$rI=$9J}K!$H$7$F9-$/MQ$$$i$l$F$$$k!#0lHLE*$K$O!"?MBN463P!"<~0O$NJ*BN!"7zB$J*$NHo32$NBg$-$5$J$I$r9MN8$7$F!"CO?LF0$NBg$-$5$r5R4QE*$KCJ3,IU$1$?(B$B?LEY(B$B$H$$$&;XI8$,MQ$$$i$l$k(B$B!#(B
$B?LEY$K$D$$$F$O!"F|K\$G$O(B$B5$>]D#?LEY3,5i(B$B!JDL>N!V?LEY!W!K!"(B$B%"%a%j%+9g=09q(B$B$G$O(B$B2~@5%a%k%+%j?LEY3,5i(B$B!"(B$B%h!<%m%C%Q(B$B$G$O(B$B%h!<%m%C%Q?LEY3,5i(B (EMS)$B!"(BCIS$B=t9q$d(B$B%$%9%i%(%k(B$B!"(B$B%$%s%I(B$B$J$I$G$O(BMSK$B?LEY3,5i(B$B$,8=:_;HMQ$5$l$F$$$k$[$+!"$[$+$K$b$$$/$D$+$N;XI8$,$"$k!#(B
$BCO?L$N5,LO$,Bg$-$$$[$I?LEY$OBg$-$/$J$k798~$K$"$k$,!"?L8;0h$+$i$N5wN%$dCGAX$N$:$l$NJ}8~!"CGAX$NGK2uEAGEB.EY!"COHW$N9=B$$d@-e$NMI$l$OBg$-$/0[$J$k!#?e$d6u5$$,B?$/4^$^$lEZ>mN3;R$N8G7k$,$BFp$B$H8F$P$l$k$h$&$JJ?LnIt$d2O@n1h$$$dKd$aN)$FCO$,MI$l$d$9$$798~$K$"$k$,!"(B$BCOHW2~NI(B$B$d4pACJ}<0$K$h$C$FMI$l$rDc8:$9$k$3$H$,2DG=$G$"$k!#(B
$BNc$($P(B$BElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L(B$B$O?LEY(B7$B$H$5$l$F$$$k$,!"?LEY(B7$B$O:GBg?LEY$G$"$C$F!"8x<0$K4QB,$5$l$?$N$O5\>k8)(B$B7*86;T(B$B$@$1$G$"$j!"Nc$($PEgVYIt$r=|$/El5~ET$G$O?LEY(B5$B6/!J(B$B@iBeED6h(B$BBg$B1|B?K`D.(B$B$J$I(B3$BCOE@!K$G$"$C$?!#!V3F;TD.B<$N?LEY!W!V3FCO0h$N?LEY!W$O$=$N;TD.BuBV$K$h$C$F6aK5$N4QB,E@$KHf$Y:GBg(B1$BDxEY$N:9$,@8$8$k$N$G!"I,$:$7$bHo32>u67$HCOE@?LEY$,0lCW$7$J$$>l9g$,$"$k!#(B
$BJ*M}NL(B
$BCO?L$NMI$l$N(B$BB.EY(B$B$rI=$9C10L$H$7$F!"%+%$%s!J(Bkine, $B%;%s%A%a!<%H%kKhIC(B$B!K$,$"$k!#$^$?!"CO?L$NMI$l$K$h$k(B$B2CB.EY(B$B$rI=$9C10L$H$7$F!"(B$B%,%k(B$B!J(Bgal, $B%;%s%A%a!<%H%kKhICKhIC(B$B!K$,$"$k!#(B1$BIC4V$K(B1$B%+%$%s$N2CB.EY$,(B1$B%,%k$G$"$k!#(B$B=ENO2CB.EY(B$B$rD6$($k$3$H$b$"$j$I$s$J=E$$$b$N$G$b!"8GDj$7$F$$$J$1$l$P>2$KBP$7$FF0$/!#(B
$BCO?L$N860x$H$B!V(B$B%W%l!<%H%F%/%H%K%/%9(B$B!W$b;2>H(B)
$B%W%l!<%H%F%/%H%K%/%9(B$B$N4QE@$+$iCO?L$rJ,N`$9$k$3$H$,$G$-!"Bg$-$/J,$1$F(B2$BDL$j$NJ,$1J}$,$"$k!#(B1$B$D$OCGAX$G5/$3$k$b$N!J9=B$CO?L!K$H$=$&$G$J$$$b$N$KJ,$1$k$d$jJ}$G!"$b$&(B1$B$D$OJ#?t$N%W%l!<%H$N4V$G5/$3$k$b$N!J(B$B%W%l!<%H4VCO?L(B$B$"$k$$$O(B$B%W%l!<%H6-3&CO?L(B$B!K$H%W%l!<%HFbIt$G5/$3$k$b$N!J(B$B%W%l!<%HFbCO?L(B,$B!K$KJ,$1$k$d$jJ}$G$"$k!#8e $B0J2<$KJ,N`$HN$r5s$2$k!#(B
$B!!!!?t$N%W%l!<%H$N4V$G5/$3$k$b$N!J%W%l!<%H4VCO?L!"%W%l!<%H6-3&CO?L!K(B$B<}B+7?6-3&!J%a%,%9%i%9%H!K$G5/$3$k$b$N3$9B$J$I$ND@$_9~$_BS$G5/$3$k$b$N!J(B$B3$9B7?CO?L(B$B!"3$9B1h$$$N%W%l!<%H4VCO?L(B
$B!!!!>WFM7?6-3&$G5/$3$k$b$NH/;67?6-3&$G5/$3$k$b$N3$Nf$G5/$3$k$b$N!J3$Nf7?CO?L!K(B
$B!!!!%H%i%s%9%U%)!<%`CGAX$G5/$3$k$b$N!J%H%i%s%9%U%)!<%`7?CO?L!K%W%l!<%HFbIt$G5/$3$k$b$N!J%W%l!<%HFbCO?L!KBgN&%W%l!<%HFbIt$G5/$3$k$b$N!J(B$BBgN&%W%l!<%HFbCO?L(B$B!"FbN&!!!!CO3LFbCO?L!"N&0h$N@u$$CO?L(B$B!"FbN&7?CO?L(B$B!"CGAX7?CO?L!"D>2<7?CO?L!K(B
$B!!!!3$MN%W%l!<%HFbIt$G5/$3$k$b$N!J(B$B3$MN%W%l!<%HFbCO?L(B$B!K%W%l!<%H$N2<$KD@$_9~$`$B%"%&%?!<%i%$%:CO?L(B
$B!K(B
$B!!!!%W%l!<%H$N2<$KD@$_9~$s$@8e$N3$MN%W%l!<%H$G5/$3$k$b$N!JD@$_9~$s$@3$MN%W%l!<%HFbCO?L!"(B$B%9%i%VFbCO?L(B$B!K(B
$B!!!!>e$NJ,N`$H$OJL$K!"2P;3BN<~JU$G5/$3$k$b$N!J(B$B2P;3@-CO?L(B$B!K$rFCJL$KJ,$1$k>l9g$,$"$k!#(B$B%^%0%^(B$B$d(B$B2P;3%,%9(B$B$N0\F0$,CO?L$r5/$3$9$[$+!"<~0O$h$j$bCO3L$,GK:U$5$l$F $B$^$?!"?M9)E*$JH/GK$N?6F0$J$I$K$h$jH/@8$9$k(B$B?M9)CO?L(B$B$bB8:_$9$k!#$3$l$KBP$7$F!"<+A3$KH/@8$9$kCO?L$r(B$B<+A3CO?L(B$B$H8F$V$3$H$,$"$k!#$J$*!"(B$B%@%`(B$B$J$I?M9)E*$JMW0x$K$h$j0z$-5/$3$5$l$k<+A3CO?L$b$"$j!"(B$BM6H/CO?L(B$B$H8F$V>l9g$,$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!KI:R>e$N4QE@$G$O!"$3$l$i$H$OJL$K(B$BD>2<7?CO?L(B$B!JFbN&CO?L!K$H$$$&J,N`$rMQ$$$k$3$H$,$"$k!#5o=;CO0h$ND>2<$G5/$3$k@uH/CO?L$r;X$7!"CO0h$K$h$C$F$O%W%l!<%HFbCO?L$@$1$G$O$J$/%W%l!<%H4VCO?L$b5/$3$k!#(B$BFn4XElD>2$B$J$I$N!"ET;T$GH/@8$9$kD>2<7?CO?L$O%j%9%/$,Bg$-$$$3$H$+$i=EMW;k$5$l$F$$$k(B$B!#(B
$B!!!!$^$?!"(B
$BCO?LF0(B$B$,>.$5$$3d$KBg$-$J(B$BDEGH(B$B$,5/$3$kCO?L$r(B$BDEGHCO?L(B$B$H$$$$!"82Cx$JNc$H$7$F(B1896$BG/$N(B$BL@<#;0N&CO?L(B$B$,$"$k(B$B!#(B
$B!!!!CO?L$K4XO"$9$k$b$N$H$7$F!"?6F0$r5/$3$5$J$$(B$B%9%j%C%W$"$k$$$O3j$j(B$B$H8F$P$l$k8=>]$,$"$k!#A4$/?6F0$rH<$o$J$$$b$N$b$"$l$P!"IU?o$7$F $B%W%l!<%H4VCO?L(B
2$B$D$N%W%l!<%H$,@\$9$k>l=j$G$O!"0[$J$k1?F0$r$7$F$$$k%W%l!<%HF1;N$N6-3&$K$R$:$_$,C_@Q$7!"CO?L$,5/$3$k!#$3$N$h$&$J%?%$%W$NCO?L$r(B$B%W%l!<%H4VCO?L(B$B!"(B$B%W%l!<%H6-3&CO?L(B$B$"$k$$$O%W%l!<%H6-3&7?CO?L$H8F$V!#(B
$B%W%l!<%HF1;N$N6-3&$O!"<}B+7?!J3$9B$H>WFM7?6-3&$K:YJ,$5$l$k!K!"H/;67?!"$9$l0c$$7?!J%H%i%s%9%U%)!<%`CGAX!K$N(B3$BWFM7?$OCO?L$,5/$3$kHO0O$,9-$/?L8;$,?<$$$3$H$bB?$$!#(B
$B3$9B7?CO?L(B
$B!!!!1QL>$O(BMegathrust earthquake$B$,$3$N3$9B7?CO?L$K6a$$%K%e%"%s%9$G;H$o$l$F$$$k!#(B$B3$MN%W%l!<%H(B$B$,(B$BBgN&%W%l!<%H(B$B$N2<$KD@$_9~$s$G$$$k(B$B3$9B(B$B$d(B$B%H%i%U(B$B$J$I$N(B$BD@$_9~$_BS(B$B$G$O!"N>[28]$B!#$3$l$r3$9B7?CO?L$H8F$V$,!"!V3$9B7?CO?L!W$O3$9BIU6a$N%W%l!<%HFbIt$NCO?L$r4^$a$k>l9g$,$"$k$?$a!"695A$K!V3$9B1h$$$N%W%l!<%H4VCO?L!W$H8F$V>l9g$b$"$k!#(B$B$P$M(B$B$N$h$&$KCF@-NO$rC_$($?BgN&%W%l!<%H$,D7$MJV$k$H$$$&$h$&$K2r@b$5$l$k$3$H$,$"$k$,!"%W%l!<%H$,0z$-Gm$,$5$l$k$o$1$G$O$J$/!"B>$NCO?L$HF1MM$K(B2$B$D$NCO3LLL$,$:$l$k7A$GD7$MJV$k!#(B1923$BG/$N(B$BBg@54XElCO?L(B$B$dA[Dj$5$l$k(B$BFn4XElD>2$B$N$h$&$K!"3$9B$+$iN%$l$??<$$$H$3$m$K$^$G?L8;0h$O9-$,$C$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!N&B&$N%W%l!<%H$,3$B&$N%W%l!<%H$K(B
$B>W>e(B$B$9$kDc3Q5UCGAX7?$H$J$k$N$,E57?E*!#>e$+$i8+$k$H!"3$9B$N:G?$BD65pBgCO?L(B$B$H$J$k%1!<%9$b$"$k!#(B1$B$D$NNN0h$G$O!"$*$h$=?t==$+$i?tI4G/$[$I$N<~4|$GBgCO?L$,7+$jJV$7H/@8$9$k!#5,LO$,Bg$-$$3$9B7?CO?L$,(B$B3$MN(B$B$N2<$GH/@8$7$?>l9g!"(B$BDEGH(B$B$,H/@8$9$k$3$H$,$"$k!#?L8;0h$,9-$/5,LO$,Bg$-$$$?$a!"Ho32$,9-HO0O$K$o$?$k$3$H$,$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!H/@8$7$d$9$$>l=j$O!"(B$B%A%j(B$B!"(B$B%Z%k!<(B$B!"(B$B%a%-%7%3(B$B!"%"%a%j%+$N(B$B%"%i%9%+(B$B!"(B$B%"%j%e!<%7%c%sNsEg(B$B$d(B$B@iEgNsEg(B$B!"F|K\!"(B$B%U%#%j%T%s(B$B!"(B$B%$%s%I%M%7%"(B$B!"(B$B%Q%W%"%K%e!<%.%K%"(B$B!"(B$B%=%m%b%s=tEg(B$B!"(B$B%U%#%8!<(B$B!"(B$B%H%s%,(B$B!"(B$B%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%I(B$B$J$I$N2-9g$$$d3$4_IU6a$G$"$k!#$$$:$l$b1h4_$K3$9B$,$"$j!"Bg$-$J3$9B7?CO?L$,H/@8$9$k!#(B
$B!!!!(B2004$BG/$K(B$B%8%c%o3$9B(B$B$GH/@8$7$?(B$B%9%^%H%iEg2-CO?L(B$B$b3$9B7?CO?L$G$"$k!#$^$?F|K\6a3$$G$O!"(B$B==>!COJ}(B$B$N2-9g$G7+$jJV$7H/@8$7$F$$$k(B$B==>!2-CO?L(B$B!J(B2003$BG/(B9$B7n$NCO?L$O(BMw8.3$B!":GBg?LEY(B6$B$B:,<Eg(B$B2-$G7+$jJV$7H/@8$7$F$$$k(B$B:,<Eg2-CO?L(B$B$J$I(B$B@iEg3$9B(B$B$K$*$1$kCO?L!"(B2011$BG/(B3$B7n$K(B$B;0N&2-(B$B$N(B$BF|K\3$9B(B$B$GH/@8$7$?(B$BElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L(B$B!J(BMw9.0$B!":GBg?LEY(B7$B!K$K2C$(!"F13$9BIU6a$G7+$jJV$7H/@8$7$F$$$k(B$B;0N&2-CO?L(B$B!"6a$$>-Mh$K$=$NH/@8$,;XE&$5$l0JA0$h$j(B$BCO?L4QB,LV(B$B$K$h$k4F;kBN@)$,I_$+$l$k(B$B=Y2O%H%i%U(B$B$K$*$1$k(B$BEl3$CO?L(B$B$d(B$BFn3$%H%i%U(B$B$K$*$1$k(B$BElFn3$(B$B!&(B$BFn3$CO?L(B$B!"$=$l$i$NCO?L!J?L8;0h!K$,O"F0$9$k$3$H$GD65pBgCO?L$H$J$k2DG=@-$bA[Dj$5$l$F$$$k(B$BFn3$%H%i%U5pBgCO?L(B$B$J$I$,3$9B7?CO?L$NNc$H$7$F5s$2$i$l$k!#$5$i$K(B$B4XElBg?L:R(B$B$N860x$H$J$C$?A0=R$N4XElCO?L!J(BM7.9$B!K$b(B$BAjLO%H%i%U(B$B$N%W%l!<%H6-3&$,$:$lF0$$$?$3$H$K$h$C$FH/@8$7$?CO?L!J!V(B$BAjLO%H%i%U5pBgCO?L(B$B!W$b;2>H!K$G$"$j!"3$9B7?CO?L$K4^$^$l$k!#(B
$B!!!!A0=R$N%9%^%H%iEg2-CO?L$dElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L!"2a5n$K4vEY$bH/@8$7$?Fn3$%H%i%U$N5pBgCO?L$G$O!"J#?t?L8;NN0h$GC;;~4V$N$&$A$KCGAX!J%W%l!<%H6-3&LL!K$NGK2u$,5/$-$k(B$BO"F07?CO?L(B$B$H$J$C$?$?$a!"9-HO0O$K$*$1$kBg5,LO$JCO?L$KH/E8$7$F$$$k!#$^$?!"Bg$-$J3$9B7?CO?L$N8e$K$O$=$N?L8;0h$+$iN%$l$?>l=j$GFbN&CO3LFbCO?L$d3$MN%W%l!<%HFbCO?L!"$^$?$OB>$N3$9B7?CO?L$rM6H/$9$k$3$H$,$"$k!J(B$BM6H/CO?L(B$B!K!#(B
$B!!!!$5$i$K!"%W%l!<%H6-3&$N$&$A3$9B4s$j$N@u$$NN0h$G$O$7$P$7$P(B$BDEGHCO?L(B$B$,H/@8$9$k!#ElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L$G$O?<$$NN0h$H@u$$NN0h$,O"F0$7$FGK2u$5$l$?$?$a!"6/$$MI$l$HBg$-$JDEGH$,F1;~H/@8$7$?$H$5$l$F$$$k(B$B!#(B
$B!!!!3$9B7?CO?L$KH<$&%W%l!<%H6-3&LL$N$:$l$,I=LL$K$^$GC#$7$?(B$B3$DlCGAX(B$B$,@8$8!"$KJ?9T$7$FJ#?t$N(B$BJ,4tCGAX(B$B$,$_$i$l$k$3$H$,$"$k!#ElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L$G$O3$Dl3hCGAX$d%W%l!<%H6-3&LL$KD@$_9~$s$G$$$k(B$B3$;3(B$B$,CO?L$NH/@8$K4X78$7$?2DG=@-$,;XE&$5$l$F$$$k$,(B[35][36][37]$B!"8&5fES>e$G$"$k!#(B
$B>WFM7?6-3&$G5/$3$kCO?L(B
$B!!!!>WFM7?6-3&$G$O!"%W%l!<%HF1;N$,7c$7$/>WFM$79g$$!"6-3&ItJ,$G$O6/$$05=L$NNO$,F/$$$FCO?L$,H/@8$9$k!#6/$$NO$K$h$C$F%W%l!<%H$,:U$1!"$=$NGKJRF1;N$,$:$l$?$j!"IU2CBN$,$:$l$?$j$7$FCO?L$,5/$3$k!#(B
$B!!!!BgN&%W%l!<%HF1;N$,2!$79g$$>WFM$7$F$$$k(B$B%R%^%i%d;3L.(B$B!&(B$B%Q%_!<%k9b86(B$B!&(B$B%A%Y%C%H9b86(B$B$d(B$BF|K\3$(B$BEl1oIt$J$I$, $B!!!!(B1999$BG/(B9$B7n$NBfOQ(B$B=8=8CO?L(B (Mw7.6) $B$J$I$,$"$k!#F|K\IU6a$G$NNc$O!"(B$BF|K\3$El1oJQF0BS(B$B0h$r?L8;$H$9$kCO?L$G!"(B1983$BG/(B5$B7n$N(B$BF|K\3$CfItCO?L(B$B!J(BM7.7$B!":GBg?LEY(B5$B!K!"(B1993$BG/(B7$B7n$N(B$BKL3$F;Fn@>2-CO?L(B$B!J(BM7.8$B!":GBg?LEY(B6$B!K$J$I!#(B
$BH/;67?6-3&$G5/$3$kCO?L(B
$B!!!!H/;67?6-3&$G$bCO?L$,5/$3$k!#BgMN$r=DCG$9$kCf1{(B$B3$Nf(B$B$NCf<4C+$N2<$GH/@8$9$k$b$N$O(B$B3$Nf7?CO?L(B$B$H8F$P$l$k!#?L8;$N?<$5$O35$M(B12 km$B$h$j@u$/!"CO?L$N5,LO$O(BM6$B$rD6$($k$3$H$,$[$H$s$I$J$$!#H/?L5!9=$r8+$k$HD%NO<4$,?eJ?$+$D3$9B$KD>3Q$G!"@5CGAX7?$N$b$N$,E57?E*!#(B
$BElB@J?MN3$Nf(B$B!"(B$B%*!<%9%H%i%j%"Fn6K3$Nf(B$B!"(B$BCf1{%$%s%IMN3$Nf(B$B!"(B$BFn@>%$%s%IMN3$Nf(B$B!"(B$BBg@>MNCf1{3$Nf(B$B$J$I3FCO$N3$Nf$GCO?L$,H/@8$9$k!#(B$B%"%$%9%i%s%I(B$B$d%"%U%j%+$N(B$BBgCO9BBS(B$B$G$O!"N&>e$K$"$k3$Nf!J(B$BCO9B(B$B!K$N1F6A$G@5CGAX7?$NCO?L$,H/@8$9$k!#(B
$B$9$l0c$$7?6-3&!J%H%i%s%9%U%)!<%`CGAX!K$G5/$3$kCO?L(B
$B%H%i%s%9%U%)!<%`CGAX$G$O!"%W%l!<%H$N$9$l0c$$$K$h$C$FCO?L$,5/$3$k!#B?$/$O3$Nf<~JU$N3$Dl$G5/$3$k$,!"N&CO$G5/$3$k$b$N$b$"$k!#(B
$B3$4_$N(B$B%5%s%"%s%I%l%"%9CGAX(B$B!"%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%I$N(B$B%"%k%Q%$%sCGAX(B$B!"%H%k%3$N(B$BKL%"%J%H%j%"CGAX(B$B$J$I$,$"$k!#(B
$BH/@8Nc$H$7$F$O!"(B1906$BG/(B4$B7n$N(B$B%5%s%U%i%s%7%9%3CO?L(B (M7.8) $B$J$I$,5s$2$i$l$k!#(B
$BFbN&CO3LFbCO?L(B($B>\:Y$O!V(B$BCGAX(B$B!W$r;2>H(B)
$B!!!!3$MN%W%l!<%H$,D@$_9~$s$G$$$kBgN&%W%l!<%H$NC<$NItJ,$G$O!"3$9B$+$i?tI4(B km$BN%$l$?ItJ,$^$G4^$`9-$$HO0O$K3$MN%W%l!<%H$N2!$9NO$,5Z$V!#$=$NNO$O%W%l!<%H$NFbIt$dI=AXIt$K$b8=$l$k$?$a!"%W%l!<%H$NI=AXIt$G$O$"$A$3$A$G$R$S3d$l$,$G$-$k!#$3$N$R$S3d$l$,CGAX$G$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!<~0O$+$i2!$5$l$F$$$kCGAX$G$O!"2!$5$l$?NO$r>e2<$KF($,$97A$G;3$,9b$/!"C+$,?<$/$J$k$h$&$K4dHW$,F0$/!J5UCGAX!K!#$^$?!"BgN&%W%l!<%H$N0lItJ,$G$O!"2P;33hF0$K$h$C$F%^%0%^$,%W%l!<%HFb$r>e>:$7!"%W%l!<%H$r2!$79-$2$F$$$k$h$&$JItJ,$,$"$k!#$^$?!"<~0O$+$i0z$CD%$i$l$F$$$kCGAX$G$b!"0z$CD%$i$l$?NO$r>e2<$KF($,$97A$G;3$,9b$/!"C+$,?<$/$J$k$h$&$K4dHW$,F0$/!J@5CGAX!K!#$^$?!"2!$5$l$kCGAX!&0z$CD%$i$l$kCGAX$G$"$C$F$b!">l=j$K$h$C$F$OCGAX$,?eJ?$K$:$l!"4dHW$,>e2<$KF0$+$J$$$3$H$b$"$k!J2#$:$lCGAX!K!#(B
$B!!!!$3$N$h$&$J%?%$%W$NCO?L$r(B$BFbN&CO3LFbCO?L(B$B$"$k$$$O(B$BBgN&%W%l!<%HFbCO?L(B$B$H8F$V!#(B$B0KF&H>Eg(B$B$d(B$B%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%I(B$B$J$I$O3$MN%W%l!<%H>e$K0LCV$7$F$$$k$,!"$3$l$i$N>l=j$G5/$3$kFbN&CO3LFb$NCO?L$b$3$N%?%$%W$NCO?L$H$7$F07$o$l$k$3$H$,$"$k!#$3$N%?%$%W$NCO?L$G$OCOI=$KCGAX$,=P8=$7$d$9$$$?$a!"(B$BCGAX7?CO?L(B$B!"(B$B3hCGAX7?CO?L(B$B$J$I$H$b8F$V$,!"%W%l!<%H4V!&BgN&%W%l!<%HFb!&3$MN%W%l!<%HFbCO?L$OA4$FCGAX1?F0$K$h$C$FH/@8$9$k$3$H$KCm0U$9$kI,MW$,$"$k!#FbN&$NCGAX$OET;T$ND>2<$d<~JU$K$"$k$3$H$b>/$J$/$J$/!"(B$BD>2<7?CO?L(B$B$H$b8F$V$,!"4XElCO?L$N$h$&$KN&CO$ND>2<$r?L8;$H$9$k3$9B7?CO?L$b$"$k$?$a!"$=$l$H6hJL$9$k0UL#$G!VN&0h$N@u$$>l=j$r?L8;$H$9$kCO?L!W$N$h$&$J8@$$J}$b$5$l$k!#(B
$B!!!!CO?L$N5,LO$O3hCGAX$NBg$-$5$K$h$k$,!"B?$/$NCGAX$O(BM6 - 7$B!"Bg$-$$$b$N$G$O(BM8$B$KC#$9$k!#3$9B7?CO?L$HF1$8$h$&$K!"D9$$CGAX$O$$$/$D$+$NNN0h$KJ,$+$l!"JL!9$K3hF0$9$k!#F10l$N3hCGAX$G$NBg$-$JCO?L$NH/@8$O!"?tI4G/$+$i?t==K|G/$K(B1$B2s$NIQEY$H$5$l$F$$$k!#ET;T$ND>2<$GH/@8$9$k$H?SBg$JHo32$r$b$?$i$9$3$H$,$"$k$,!"Bg$-$JMI$l$K8+Iq$o$l$kHO0O$O3$9B7?CO?L$HHf$Y$k$H69$$NN0h$K8B$i$l$k!#=i4|HyF0$r8!CN$9$k$H$$$&86M}>e!"(B$B6[5^CO?LB.Js(B$B$,4V$K9g$o$J$$$3$H$b$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!(B1976$BG/(B7$B7n$N(B$BEb;3CO?L(B$B!J(BM7.8$B!";`$BJ<8K8)FnItCO?L(B$B!J(BM7.3$B!":GBg?LEY(B7$B!";`$BD;ItCO?L(B$B!J(BM7.3$B!":GBg?LEY(B6$B6/!K!"(B2004$BG/(B10$B7n$N(B$B?73c8)Cf1[CO?L(B$B!J(BM6.8$B!":GBg?LEY(B7$B!K$d(B2007$BG/(B3$B7n$N(B$BG=EPH>EgCO?L(B$B!J(BM6.9$B!":GBg?LEY(B6$B6/!K!"?7$7$$$b$N$G$O(B2008$BG/(B6$B7n(B14$BF|$KH/@8$7$?(B$B4dkFbN&CO?L(B$B!J(BM7.2$B!":GBg?LEY(B6$B6/!K$d(B2010$BG/(B1$B7n$N(B$B%O%$%ACO?L(B$B!J(BMw7.0$B!";`
$B!!!!%"%a%j%+@>3$4_!"%K%e!<%8!<%i%s%I!"F|K\!"(B$BCf9q(B$B!"(B$BBfOQ(B$B!"%U%#%j%T%s!"%$%s%I%M%7%"!"%"%U%,%K%9%?%s!"%$%i%s!"%H%k%3!"%.%j%7%c!"%$%?%j%"!"%9%$%9$J$I$K3hCGAX$,L)=8$7$F$*$j!"Bg$-$JCGAX7?CO?L$,IQH/$9$k!#(B
$B!!!!$3$N%?%$%W$NCO?L$O$7$P$7$P?SBg$JHo32$r$b$?$i$9$?$a!">-Mh$NCO?LH/@8M=B,$rL\E*$K!"(B1980$BG/0J8eF|K\A4EZ$N3hCGAX$,D4::$5$l!"4m81$JCGAX$r=g2A$7$F$$$k!#J<8K8)FnItCO?L$NA0$K8xI=$5$l$?3hCGAX$NCO?^$K$OB>$NBgCGAXN`$HF1;~$K!V4m$J$$CGAX!W$H$7$FM-GO!&9bDP!&O;9CCGAXBS$,4m81$HI=<($5$l$F$$$?!#$3$ND4::$O0J8e$b7QB3$7$FB3$1$i$l$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!0lJ}!"%h!<%m%C%QCfIt!&KLIt!"%"%a%j%+CfIt!"%*!<%9%H%i%j%"$J$I$K$O!"2a5n$N(B$BB$;31?F0(B$B$KH<$C$F$G$-$?CGAX$,$"$k$,!"$=$NCf$K$O8=:_$bF0$$$F$$$k3hCGAX$,$"$k!#$3$N$h$&$JCGAX$O!";~!9F0$$$F:GBg$G(BM4 - 5$BDxEY$NCO?L$r5/$3$7!"5)$KHo32$,=P$k$3$H$b$"$k!#$^$?!"$=$N$h$&$JCO0h$G$b(B$B%K%e!<%^%I%j%C%ICGAXBS(B$B$N$h$&$K3hCGAX$,B8:_$7!"IQHK$K3hF0$7$F$$$k>l9g$,$"$k!#(B
$B3$MN%W%l!<%HFbCO?L(B
$B!!!!D@$_9~$_$N1?F0$r$7$F$$$k3$MN%W%l!<%H$G$bCO?L$,H/@8$9$k!#$3$N$h$&$J%?%$%W$NCO?L$r(B$B3$MN%W%l!<%HFbCO?L(B$B$"$k$$$O(B$B%W%l!<%HFbCO?L(B$B$H8F$V!#C1$K%W%l!<%HFbCO?L$H8F$V$H$-$O$[$H$s$I$N>l9g$3$N%?%$%W$r;X$7!"BgN&%W%l!<%HFbCO?L$O4^$^$l$J$$!#%W%l!<%H4VCO?L$H9g$o$;$F3$9B7?CO?L$H8F$V$3$H$b$"$k!#3$MN%W%l!<%H$K$*$1$kCO?L$OBg$-$/0J2<$N(B2$B $BD@$_9~$s$@3$MN%W%l!<%HFb(B$B!J%9%i%VFb!K(B$B$G5/$3$kCO?L(B
$B!!!!3$9B$r7P$FBgN&%W%l!<%H$N2<$K$b$0$j$3$s$@3$MN%W%l!<%H$O!"(B$B%^%s%H%k(B$B$NCf$rD@$_9~$s$G$$$kESCf$G3d$l$?$j!"CO2$B%9%?%0%J%s%H%9%i%V(B$B$H$J$C$FBg$-$/H?$jJV$C$F3d$l$?$j$7$F!"CO?L$rH/@8$5$;$k$3$H$,$"$k!#3$MN%W%l!<%H$,D@$_9~$s$@ItJ,$G$"$k(B$B%9%i%V(B$B!JHD(B=$B%W%l!<%H!K$NCf$GH/@8$9$k$N$G!"(B$B%9%i%VFbCO?L(B$B$H8F$P$l$k!#$^$?!"?L8;$,?<$$$3$H$+$i(B$B?$B$H$b8F$P$l$k!#(B
$B!!!!0lHL$K(B
$B?L8;(B$B$,?<$/!"$7$?$,$C$F?L8;$H(B$B?L1{(B$B$N5wN%$OD9$$>l9g$,B?$$$K$b$+$+$o$i$:!"5,LO$,Bg$-$J$b$N$OHo32$H$7$F$OIn$l$J$$!#$^$??<$$J,!"9-HO$G:GBg?LEY$K6a$$MI$l$K8+Iq$o$l$k$3$H$K$b$J$k!#CO?LGH$NEA$o$j$d$9$5$O!"%W%l!<%H$N0LCV4X78$d%^%s%H%k$N?<$5$J$I$G$=$l$>$l0[$J$k$?$a!"?L8;$+$iN%$l$?>l=j$GMI$l$,Bg$-$/$J$k(B$B0[>o?L0h(B$B$,H/@8$7$d$9$$$N$bFCD'$G$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!(B20$B@$5*Kv0J9_$NNc$G$O!"(B1987$BG/(B12$B7n$N(B$B@iMU8)ElJ}2-CO?L(B$B!J(BM6.7$B!"?<$5(B50 km$B!":GBg?LEY(B5$B!K!"(B1992$BG/(B2$B7n$N1:2l?eF;$NCO?L!J(BM5.7$B!"?<$5(B92 km$B!":GBg?LEY(B5$B!K!"(B1993$BG/(B1$B7n$N(B$B6|O)2-CO?L(B$B!J(BM7.5$B!"?<$5(B101 km$B!":GBg?LEY(B6$B!K$d(B2003$BG/(B5$B7n$N(B$B5\>k8)2-$NCO?L(B$B!J(BM7.1$B!"?<$5(B72 km$B!":GBg?LEY(B6$B $BJ!Eg8)2-$d0q>k8)2-$GIQHK$KH/@8$9$kCO?L$N$[$+!"(B2001$BG/(B3$B7n$N(B$B7]M=CO?L(B$B!"(B2015$BG/(B5$B7n(B30$BF|>.3^86=tEg@>J}2-CO(B682 km$B$G5/$-$?(BM8.1$B$NCO?L(B$B$b$3$N%?%$%W$G$"$k!#(B
$B$3$l$+$iD@$_9~$`3$MN%W%l!<%HFb(B$B!J%"%&%?!<%i%$%:!K(B$B$G5/$3$kCO?L(B
$B!!!!3$MN%W%l!<%H$,N&COB&$K@x$j9~$s$@OD$_$r2r>C$9$k$?$aN&COB&%W%l!<%H$,H?H/$7$?;~$K!"%W%l!<%H6-3&7?CO?L$,5/$3$k!#OD$_$O$3$l$+$iD@$_9~$`3$MN%W%l!<%HB&!J3$9B$h$j$b99$K2-B&!K$K$b$?$^$C$F$*$j!"3$Dl$,N45/$7$F$$$k>l9g$,$"$k!J%"%&%?!<%i%$%:!&3$9B>e1oN45/BS!K!#$3$NOD$_$O%W%l!<%H6-3&7?CO?L$NH/@8$K$h$C$F2r>C$5$l$k$H$O8B$i$:!"%W%l!<%H6-3&7?CO?L$NA08e$J$I$K!"2r>C$5$l$J$+$C$?OD$_$K$h$C$F$:$l$d3d$l$,@8$8!"CO?L$rH/@8$5$;$k$3$H$,$"$k!#%"%&%?!<%i%$%:!J3$9B>e1oN45/BS!K$GH/@8$9$k$?$a!"$B%"%&%?!<%i%$%:CO?L(B
$B$H8F>N$5$l$k!J$J$*!"$3$A$i$b%9%i%VFbCO?L$H$9$k>l9g$,$"$k!K!#(B
$B0lHL$KH?$jJV$C$?@h$N$b$C$H$b9b$$!J@u$$!K>l=j$,(B$BD%NO(B$B$rl9g$O(B$B05NO(B$B$,F/$-5UCGAX7?$H$J$k!#1sJ}$N3$0h$GH/@8$9$k$?$a!"N&CO$K$*$$$FCO?L$NMI$l$=$N$b$N$K$h$kHo32$O>/$J$$$3$H$,$[$H$s$I$G$"$k$,!"(BM8$B$rD6$($kCO?L$,$7$P$7$PH/@8$7!"2!$7GH$+$i;O$^$kDEGH$K$h$j3$9B7?CO?L$KI$E($9$kDEGH:R32$r0z$-5/$3$9$3$H$,$"$k!#$3$N$?$a!"(B$BDEGHCO?L(B$B$HF1MM$KCO?LH/@8D>8e$NHrFq$,CY$l$FHo32$,3HBg$9$k62$l$,$"$k!#$^$?!"Bg$-$J%W%l!<%H6-3&7?CO?L$N8e$KH/@8$9$k>l9g$b$"$k$3$H$+$i7Y2|$rMW$9$k$b$N$G$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!(B1933$BG/$N(B$B>$B!J(BM8.1$B!"(B1896$BG/!&(BM8.2$B$N(B$BL@<#;0N&CO?L(B$B$N(B37$BG/8e!K!"(B2007$BG/@iEgNsEg2-CO?L(B$B!J(BM8.2$B!"(BM7.9$B$N(B2006$BG/@iEgNsEg2-CO?L(B$B$N(B2$B$+7n8e!K!"(B2012$BG/$N%9%^%H%iEg2-CO?L(B$B!J(BM8.6$B!"(BM9.1$B$N(B2004$BG/$N%9%^%H%iEg2-CO?L(B$B$N(B8$BG/8e!K$J$I$NNc$,$"$k(B[41]$B!#$3$NB>!"(B2011$BG/$KH/@8$7$?(B$BElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L(B$B$NM>?L$H$7$F$b$3$N%?%$%W$NCO?L$,H/@8$7$F$$$k!#(B
$B2P;3@-CO?L(B($B!V(B$B2P;3@-CO?L(B$B!W$r;2>H(B)
$B!!!!3$9B$N<~JU$N(B$B2P;38L(B$B!"(B$B%[%C%H%9%]%C%H(B$B!"(B$B3$Nf(B$B!"(B$B%[%C%H%W%j%e!<%`(B$B$NJ.=PCO0h$G$O!"%^%0%^$N0\F0$dG.$;$i$l$??e>x5$$N05NO!"2P;33hF0$KH<$&COLL$NN45/$dD@9_$,860x$H$J$C$FCO?L$,H/@8$9$k!#$3$l$i$NCO?L$r(B$B2P;3@-CO?L(B$B$H$$$&!#2P;3@-CO?L$OCGAX$NF0$-$@$1$G$O@bL@$G$-$J$$ItJ,$,$"$k$N$G!">e5-$N(B3$BJ,N`$H$OJ,$1$F9M$($k$3$H$,B?$$!#CO?LF0$b>e5-$NCO?L$H$O0[$J$k>l9g$,$"$k!#(B
$B2P;3@-CO?L$OCO?LF0$N@- $B$=$NB>(B
$B?M0YE*!&30ItE*MW0x$K$h$kM6H/CO?L(B
$B!!!!$B<+A38=>](B$B$J$I$,CO?L$N0z$-6b$K$J$C$F$$$k2DG=@-$b;XE&$5$l$F$$$k!J>\:Y$O8e@a$N!V(B#$BCO?LH/@8$N$-$C$+$1(B$B!W$r;2>H!K!#(B
$BBg
$B!!!!(B$BD69bAX7zC[J*(B$B!&(B$B%@%`(B$B$N7z@_!"COLL$N7!:o!&B$@.!"@PC:!&@PL}$dE7A3%,%9$J$I$N(B$B:N7!(B$B$,CO2<9=B$$rJQ$(!"CO?L$rM6H/$9$k$3$H$,$"$k!#$^$?!"%@%`$NCy?e$G$bCO2<$N4dHW$K$*$1$k(B$B4V7d?e05(B$B!&(B$B1~NO(B$B$,JQ2=$7$FCO?L$rM6H/$9$k$3$H$,$"$k(B$B!#(B
$BNc$($P(B1940$BG/$K$O!"(B$B%"%a%j%+(B$B$N(B$B%U!<%P!<%@%`(B$BIU6a$G(BM5$B$NCO?L$,H/@8$7$?!#$^$?!"%$%s%I!&(B$B%^%O%i%7%e%H%i=#(B$B@>It$N(B$B%3%$%J%@%`(B$BIU6a$G$O!"(B1962$BG/$NCy?e3+;O8e$+$i(B$BCOLD$j(B$B$H>.$5$JCO?L$,H/@8$7!"(B1967$BG/(B12$B7n(B10$BF|$K$O(BM6.3$B$NCO?L$,5/$3$j(B180$B?M$,;`K4!"$*$h$=(B2,000$B?M$,Ii=}$7$?!#F1;~4|$K$O%@%`$O:G9b?e0L$KC#$7$F$*$j!"Cy$^$C$??e$N(B$B?e05(B$B$K$h$C$FM6H/$5$l$?$b$N$@$H$5$l$F$$$k!#(B
$BEEN.$K$h$kM6H/(B
$B!!!!COCf$KEEN.$rN.$9$3$H$GCO?L$,M6H/$5$l$k$H8@$&$B%=%S%(%HO"K.(B$B$,(B$B%-%k%.%9(B$B$N(B$BE7;3;3L.(B$B$G!"(B2.8 kA$B$NEEN.$rI42s0J>eCO2<$KN.$79~$`]$,5/$3$C$?!#(B
$BN.BNCmF~$K$h$kM6H/(B
$B!!!!?eJ,$d%,%9$H$$$C$?N.BN$,COCf$KCmF~$5$l$k$3$H$GCO?L$,M6H/$5$l$k$3$H$,$"$k!#$J$*!"<+A33&$G$bF1MM$N8=>]$,H/@8$7$F$$$k!J(B$B8e=R(B$B!K!#(B
$B!!!!(B$B%m%C%-!<;3L.(B$B$N%"%a%j%+73$NJ<4o9)>l$G!"(B1962$BG/(B3$B7n$+$i?<$5(B3670$B%a!<%H%k$NCO2<$KGQ?e$rGQ4~$7;O$a$?$H$3$m!"(B1882$BG/0JMh(B80$BG/4V$bCO?L$,A4$/$J$+$C$?>l=j$KCO?L$,H/@8$7;O$a$?!J(B$B%G%s%P!$B!K!#CmF~NL$d05NO$KHfNc$9$k$h$&$KCO?L$N?t$,A}8:$7$?!#$^$?!"(B2007$BG/(B12$B7n$K(B$B%9%$%9(B$B$N(B$B%P!<%<%k(B$B$G(B$BCOG.H/EE(B$B$KMxMQ$9$k>x5$$rH/@8$5$;$k$?$a$KCO2<(B5,000$B%a!<%H%k$N(B$B2VV>4d(B$BAX$KG.?e$rCmF~$7$?$H$3$m!":GBg(BM3.4$B$NCO?L$,(B2$BEYH/@8$7$?!#$3$NCO0h$G$O0JA0$+$iM-46CO?L$,H/@8$7$F$$$?(B$B!#F1MM$K!"9[;3Fb$N%,%9N.BN$K$h$kCO?L$NM6H/:nMQ$b<(:6$5$l$F$$$k!#$^$?!"(B$B%7%'!<%k%,%9(B$B:N7!$N$?$a$KCOCf$KCmF~$5$l$??e$,0z$-6b$H$J$C$?$3$H$,Js9p$5$l$F$$$k!#(B
$BCO?L0J30$NH/?L8=>](B
$B!!!!CO?L$H$O0[$J$j!"CGAX$N$:$l$rH<$o$:$KCOI=$KMI$l$r0z$-5/$3$9H/?L8=>]!#(B
$BI9?L(B
$B!!!!(B$BI92O(B$B$N1?F0$K$h$C$F!"<+A3CO?L$K;w$?H/?L8=>]!J(B$BI9?L(B$B!K$,H/@8$7$F$$$k(B$B!#(B
$B?M9)?L8;(B($B>\:Y$O!V(B$B?M9)CO?L(B$B!W$r;2>H(B)
$B!!!!$BGzCF(B$B$N(B$BGzH/(B$B!"EZLZ(B$B9);v(B$B$dCO$BCO?LC5::(B$B!K$K$h$k(B$BGzLt(B$B$N(B$BH/GK(B$B$J$I$,$"$k!#$3$l$i$OCO?LGH$rH/@8$5$;$k$,!"!V(BP$BGH$KHf$Y$F(BS$BGH$,>.$5$$!W!"!VI=LLGH$,Bn1[$9$k!W!"!V$9$Y$F$N4QB,E@$G(BP$BGH$,2!$7GH$G;O$^$k!W$J$I$NFCD'$,$"$j!"<+A3CO?L$H$NH=JL$O2DG=$G$"$k!#(B$B3KGzH/(B$B$K$h$k$b$N$OBeI=E*$J?M9)?L8;$N$R$H$D$G$"$j!"CO?LGH$rJ|=P$9$k@-$B3K$B$N4F;k$,9T$o$l$F$$$k!#(B
$BCO?L$N860xO@$H%a%+%K%:%`O@$NE83+(B
$B?@OC$J$I(B
$B!!!!F|K\!J(B$BBgOBL1B2(B$B!K$G$O8EMh$h$j!VCOCf?<$/$K(B$BBg%J%^%:(B$B$,B8:_$7!"$=$NBg%J%^%:$,K=$l$k$3$H$K$h$jBgCO?L$,5/$-$k!W$H$$$&B/@b$,?.$8$i$l$F$$$?!#8=Be$K$*$$$F$b$h$/CN$i$l$?B/@b$@$,!"%J%^%:$,CO?L$rM=CN$G$-$k:,5r$O8+$D$+$C$F$$$J$$!#9>8M;~Be$K$O(B$B0B@/$NBgCO?L(B$B$r4|$K(B$BrP3((B$B$H8F$P$l$k(B$B6S3((B$B$,N.9T$9$k$J$I!"F|K\?M$K$H$C$FCO?L$H%J%^%:$,?H6a$J4X78$K$"$C$?$3$H$,;G$($k!#$^$?!"(B$B$B$K$O$3$NBg%J%^%:$rM^$($k$H$$$&(B$BMW@P(B$B$,$"$j!"CO?L$N$BK|MU=8(B$B$N2N$r;H$C$?!V$f$k$0$H$b$h$b$dH4$1$8$NMW@P$BIpa1DH?@(B$B$,$$$k8B$j$O!K$H$$$&$b$N$,$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!(B$BKL3$F;(B$B$N(B$B%"%$%L(B$B$K$O!"!VCO2<$K$O5pBg$J(B$B%"%a%^%9(B$B$,=;$s$G$$$k!#$3$l$,K=$l$FCO?L$,5/$-$k!W$H$$$&!"F|K\!JBgOBL1B2!K$H$h$/;w$?EA>5$,$"$C$?!#$=$3$GCO?L$,H/@8$9$l$P!"CO?LDC$a$N$B0OO'N"(B$B$N3%$K>.Ea$d2PH$$r;I$7!"%"%a%^%9$r2!$5$($D$1$k$^$M$4$H$r$7$?!#(B$BL9@nD.(B$B$+$i(B$BJ?$BCOJ}$G$O!"CO?L$,H/@8$7$?:]$K!V%$%C%1%"%H%&%(!"%(%$%?%+%7%e!"%"%(%*%^!J$*$H$J$7$/$7$J$$$H9x$rFM$-;I$9$>!K!W$J$I$N $B!!!!Cf9q$G$O8EMh$+$i!"(B$B1"M[@b(B$B$N9M$(J}$rGX7J$K$7$F!"CO?L$H$O1"$N@-$BJ!7z>J(B$B$G$O!"CO?L$r5/$3$9$N$O(B$B%M%:%_(B$B$G$"$k$H8@$&?@OC>e$NEA>5$,B8:_$9$k!#(B
$B!!!!(B$BKL2$?@OC(B$B$K$*$$$F$OCODl$KM)JD$5$l$?(B$B%m%-(B$B$,!"F,>e$+$i9_$jCm$0\:Y$O%m%-$r;2>H$N$3$H!K!#(B$B%.%j%7%"?@OC(B$B$G$O(B$B%]%;%$%I%s(B$B$,CO?L$N?@$H$5$l$?!#(B
$B!!!!%U%#%s%i%s%I$N@h=;L1B2$O!"CO?L$,5/$3$k$N$OBgCO$N2<$G!"BgCO$r;Y$($k;`$N9q$NO7?M$N $B!!!!KL%"%a%j%+$G$O!"%/%8%i$,CO?L$dDEGH$r5/$3$9$H$5$l!"3$$K@3$`%&%s%;%.%i$H$$$&5pBg$J;s?e $B!!!!%a%-%7%3!"%^%dL1B2$N%D%)%D%#%k8l7O%$%s%G%#%*$G$O!"BgCO$N(B4$BK\$^$?$O(B8$BK\$N;YCl$,MI$lF0$/$HCO?L$,$*$3$k$H$5$l$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!8EBe%(%8%W%H$G$O!"BgCO$N?@%2%V$N>P$$!"$^$?$O%L%H$HN%$l$?Ha$7$_$,CO?L$r$*$3$9$H$$$&!#(B
$BJ)65$G$O!"CO?L$OP~K}$HITJ?$,860x$G5/$3$5$l$k<+A3:R32$G$"$j!"<+A3:R32$,5/$-$k$N$rKI$0$K$O(B$B2|(B$B!&(B$BDj(B$B!&(B$B7E(B$B$r6P=$$7!";0FG$rB)LG$9$k$3$H$,I,MW$@$H65$($F$$$k!#(B
$B2J3XE*C55f(B
$B!!!!(B$B8EBe%.%j%7%"(B$B$G$O!"<+A3E/3X$B%"%J%/%7%a%M%9(B$B$,(B$BEZ(B$B$,BgCO$N7&$_$K$:$jMn$A$k$3$H$,860x$@$H9M$($?!#(B$B%"%J%/%5%4%i%9(B$B$OCO2<$G7c$7$/(B$B?e(B$B$,N.$lMn$A$k$3$H$r860x$H9M$($?!#$=$N8e!"(B$B%"%j%9%H%F%l%9(B$B$O(B$B;M85AG@b(B$B$r4p$K!"CO?L$OCOCf$+$i>x5$$N$h$&$J(B$B%W%M%&%^(B$B!J5$!"6u5$!K$,J.=P$9$k$3$H$G5/$3$k$H@bL@$7$?!#$3$l$i$r$B%;%M%+(B$B$OCO2<$G$N>x5$$NJ.=P$K$h$C$F6uF6$,$G$-!"$=$3$NCOLL$,4YKW$9$k$H$-$KCO?L$,5/$3$k$H$$$&@b$rN)$F$?!#;~$OJQ$o$C$F!"(B$B%"%i%S%"(B$B$G$O(B$B%$%V%s!&%9%#!<%J!<(B$B$,!"COLL$,N45/$9$k$3$H$,860x$@$H$9$k9M$($r<($7$?!#(B
$B!!!!(B18$B@$5*$K$O!"(B$B%j%9%\%sCO?L(B$B$r$-$C$+$1$K(B$B%8%g%s!&%_%C%A%'%k(B$B$,CO?L$N8&5f$r9T$$!"2P;3$N1F6A$GCOCf$N?e>x5$$,JQ2=$r5/$3$9$3$H$,860x$H$$$&@b$rH/I=$7$?!#(B
19$B@$5*Kv$K$O!"(B$B$*8[$$309q?M(B$B$H$7$FF|K\$K$$$?(B$B%8%g%s!&%_%k%s(B$B$d(B$B%8%'!<%`%9!&%"%k%U%l%C%I!&%f!<%$%s%0(B$B$,CO?L$rBN83$7$?$3$H$,$-$C$+$1$H$J$j!"(B$BF|K\CO?L3X2q(B$B$,@_N)$5$l!"(B$BCO?L7W(B$B$N3+H/$dCO?L$N8&5f$,?J$_;O$a$?!#CO?L$NGH7A$+$i?L8;$r?dDj$9$kJ}K!$,H/8+$5$l$?$j!"(B$B%"%s%I%j%"!&%b%[%m%S%A%C%A(B$B$,(B$B%b%[%m%S%A%C%AITO"B3LL(B$B$rH/8+$7$FCO5e$NFbIt9=B$$N2rL@$NB-$,$+$j$H$J$C$?$j$7$?!#%_%k%s$O!"%$%.%j%9$GCO?L$N8&5f$r?J$a$FF19q$K6aBeCO?L3X$,3NN)$5$l$?!#8=:_%$%.%j%9$K$O@$3&Cf$NCO?L$N4QB,>pJs$r=8@Q$7$F$$$k(B$B9q:]CO?L%;%s%?!<(B (ISC) $B$,@_CV$5$l$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!$^$?(B20$B@$5*$KF~$C$F!"(B$B%j%A%c!<%I!&%G%#%/%=%s!&%*!<%k%@%`(B$B$,CO5e$N(B$B3K(B$B!J%3%"!K$rH/8+!"(B$B%Y%N!$B$,(B$B%0!<%F%s%Y%k%/ITO"B3LL(B$B$rH/8+$9$k$J$I$7!"(B$BCO5eJ*M}3X(B$B$,$B%"%k%U%l!<%H!&%t%'!<%2%J!<(B$B$N(B$BBgN&0\F0@b(B$B$+$iH/E8$7$?(B$B%^%s%H%kBPN.@b(B$B$d(B$B3$MNDl3HBg@b(B$B$,(B$B%W%l!<%H%F%/%H%K%/%9(B$B$K$^$H$a$i$l!"CO?L$N860x$H$7$F(B$BCGAXCO?L@b(B$B$H(B$BCF@-H?H/@b(B$B$,DjCe$7$?!#(B
$B$?$@!"CGAXCO?L@b$HCF@-H?H/@b$K$h$C$F0lEYH]Dj$5$l$?(B$B4d^y4SF~(B$B$J$I$O!"(B2$B@b$rJd40$9$k@b$H$7$F9M$($k3X$BCO5e6uF6@b(B$B$K860x$r5a$a$k$J$I!"$3$l$i$H$O$^$C$?$/0[$J$k@b$rE83+$9$k3X/?t$J$,$iB8:_$7$F$$$k!#(B
$BCO?LF0!&CO?LGH$HMI$l(B
$B!!!!COI=$G$O!"(BP$BGH$K$h$kMI$l$,;O$^$C$F$+$i(BS$BGH$,E~C#$9$k$^$G$O!"(B$B=i4|HyF0(B$B$H8F$P$l$kHf3SE*>.$5$$MI$l$K8+Iq$o$l$k!#$=$N8e!"(BS$BGH$,E~C#$7$?8e$O(B$B$B$H8F$P$l$kHf3SE*Bg$-$$MI$l$H$J$k!#?L8;$+$i?t==(B km$B0J>e$HN%$l$F$$$k>l9g$K$O$3$N$h$&$JMI$l$NJQ2=$,46$8$i$l$k$,!"?L8;$,6a$$>l9g$O(BP$BGH$H(BS$BGH$,$[$\F1;~$KE~C#$9$k$?$aJ,$+$i$J$$!#$^$??L8;$+$i6a$$>l=j$G$O!"(BP$BGH$,E~C#$9$kA08e$K%l%$%j!e$N(B$BA%(B$B$J$I$G$O!"(BP$BGH$N$_$K$h$C$FH/@8$9$k(B$B3$?L(B$B$H8F$P$l$kMI$l$K8+Iq$o$l$k!#(B
$B!!!!Ho32$r0z$-5/$3$9$h$&$JMI$l$N$b$H$O $B!!!!$^$?!"MI$l$NBg$-$5$O?L8;$+$i$N5wN%$KHfNc$9$k$H;W$o$l$,$A$G$"$k$,!"87L)$K$O!V?L8;0h$+$i$N5wN%!W$KHfNc$9$k!#0lJ}$G!"COHW$NFC@-$K$h$j;W$o$L$H$3$m$GMI$l$,Bg$-$/$J$k>l9g$,$"$k!#Nc$($P!"(B$B:e?@!&C8O)Bg?L:R(B$B$r0z$-5/$3$7$?(B$BJ<8K8)FnItCO?L(B$B$G$O!"?LEY(B7$B$NHo32CO0h$,!V?L:R$NBS!W$H8F$P$l$kBS>u$K@8$8$?!#$3$l$O?L8;0h$G$"$kCGAXD>>e$G$"$k$3$H$,860x$N(B1$B$D$@$C$?$[$+!"COHW$N=@$i$+$$(B$BBg:eJ?Ln(B$B$,(B$B:e?@4V(B$B$KBS>u$K?-$S$F$$$?$3$H!"(B$BO;9C;3CO(B$B$H(B$BBg:eJ?Ln(B$B$N6-3&It$GCO?LGH$N43>D$dA}I}$,H/@8$7$?$3$H$,860x$H$5$l$F$$$F!"!V?L:R$NBS!W$O?L8;$+$iLs(B30 km$BN%$l$?CO0h$^$G1d$S$F$$$k(B$B!#(B
$B!!!!CO?LGH(B / $BCO?LF0$N<~4|$O!"Ho32$r$l!"(B$B8GM-?6F0(B$B<~4|$NCO?LGH$K(B$B6&?6(B$B$7$d$9$$!"<~GH?t$,0c$&$H6J$2!&$M$8$l!&?-=L$J$I$NJQ7A$N!V7?!W$bJQ$o$k$H$$$C$?!"CO?LF0$r$BCO?L9)3X(B$B$d(B$B7zC[9)3X(B$B$K$*$$$F$O=EMW;k$5$l$k!#(B$B9=B$7W;;(B$B$K$*$$$F$O!"$5$^$6$^$J8GM-?6F0<~4|$d8:?jDj?t$r$b$D9=B$J*$N(B$B1~Ez%9%Z%/%H%k(B$B$r2r@O$7$F!"CO?LF0$KBP$9$k9=B$J*$NFC@-$r$_$k!#(B
$B!!!!Nc$($P!"(B$BF|K\2H20(B$B$N$h$&$J(B$BLZB$=;Bp(B$B$O<~4|(B1$BICA08e$N(B$BC;<~4|CO?LF0(B$B$,(B$B8GM-?6F0(B$B<~4|$K$"$?$k$?$a!"<~4|(B1$BICA08e$NCO?LF0$K$h$C$F(B$B6&?6(B$B$,H/@8$7Hs>o$K6/$/7zJ*$,MI$5$V$i$l!"2u$l$d$9$/Ho32$,3HBg$7$d$9$$!#$3$N<~4|$NCO?LGH$O(B$B%-%i!<%Q%k%9(B$B$H8F$P$l$F$*$j!"J<8K8)FnItCO?L$NGH7A$,$=$&$G$"$C$?!#0lJ}!"(B$B9bAX7zC[J*(B$B$O<~4|(B5$BIC0J>e$N(B$BD9<~4|CO?LF0(B$B$,8GM-?6F0$G$"$j!"CO?LGH$,BO@QK_CO(B$B$rEA$o$k2aDx$GA}I}$7$d$9$$D9<~4|CO?LF0$K$h$C$F!"J?LnIt$N9bAX7zC[J*$N9bAX3,$G$OBg$-$JHo32$,H/@8$9$k!#0lHLE*$K5,LO$NBg$-$JCO?L$[$I<~4|$,D9$$CO?LF0$NBg$-$5!J?6I}!K$bA}$9798~$K$"$j!"<~4|$,D9$$$[$IDc8:?j$N$?$a1s$/$^$GE~C#$7$FHo32$r$b$?$i$9!#$3$N$[$+$K!"(BM9$B$rD6$($k$h$&$J5pBgCO?L$N:]$K4QB,$5$l$k!"(B$BD6D9<~4|CO?LF0(B$B$^$?$OCO5e$N(B$B<+M3?6F0(B$B$H8F$P$l$k<~4|?tI4IC0J>e$NCO?LF0$,$"$k!#$3$ND6D9<~4|CO?LF0$NCf$K$O(B$BCO5e(B$B$N8GM-?6F0<~4|$KEv$?$kCO?LF0$b$"$j!"CO5eA4BN$,Hs>o$KD9$$<~4|$GMI$l$k$3$H$b$"$k!#(B
$B!!!!$J$*!"CO?LGH(B / $BCO?LF0$N<~4|$OCO?L$N5,LO$d?L8;5wN%$K4X78$,?<$$!#BgCO?L$H>N$5$l$k(BM7$BDxEY$^$G$OC;<~4|$,Bn1[$7!"$=$l0J>e$K$J$k$H5,LO$,Bg$-$$$[$ID9<~4|$,Bn1[$9$k798~$K$"$j!"3$9B7?$N5pBgCO?L$G$OD9<~4|CO?LF0$,Bg$-$/$J$k$H9M$($i$l$F$$$k!#$^$?!"<~4|$,D9$$$[$I8:?j$7$K$/$$$?$a!"?L8;$+$i1s$$$[$I$f$C$/$j$H$7$?MI$l$r46$8$d$9$$798~$K$"$k!#5,LO$NBg$-$JCO?L$G$O!"C;<~4|$N?6I}$,5,LO$HHfNc$7$J$$$?$a!"D9<~4|$NGH7A$+$i!J%b!<%a%s%H!K%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$r;;=P$9$k!#(B
$B!!!!CO2<$N9=B$!"FC$KCOLL$K6a$$I=AXCOHW$N9=B$!J(B$BI=AXCOHWA}I}N((B$B!K$dCO2<$N%W%l!<%H$N9=B$$K$h$C$F!"CO?LF0A4HL$KBP$9$kMI$l$d$9$5!"MI$l$d$9$$<~4|!"$"$k$$$OCO?LGH$NEA$o$jJ}$,0[$J$k!#$=$N$?$aCO?L$N:]!"?LEY$,?L1{$+$i$N5wN%$K40A4$KAj4X$7$F!"$-$l$$$KF1?41_>u$KJ,I[$9$k$3$H$O$[$\$J$$!#5)$K?L1{$H0[$J$kCO0h$GMI$l$,:G$bBg$-$/$J$k$3$H$,$"$j!"(B$B0[>o?L0h(B$B$H8F$P$l$k!#0lHLE*$K!"COI=$N(B$B4^?eN((B$B$d(B$B4V7dN((B$B$,9b$$(B$BE%(B$B$B40?7@$(B$B!J(B1$BK|G/A00J9_!K$KBO@Q$7$?(B$B2-@QAX(B$B$J$I?7$7$$AX$K8|$/J$$o$l$F$$$k$HMI$l$d$9$/!"(B$B9?@QAX(B$B!J(B$B99?7@$(B$B!"(B258$BK|G/(B - 1$BK|G/A0!K$d$=$l0JA0!J(B$B?7Bh;05*(B$B$+$=$l0JA0!K$NAX$KJ$$o$l$F$$$k$HMI$l$K$/$$798~$K$"$k$,!"0l35$K$O8@$($:!"87L)$K$O(B$BCOHWD4::(B$B$K$h$k(BN$BCM(B$B$d(B$B4pHW4d(B$B?$BCO2$B0L$,9b$$>l9g$OMI$l$KH<$C$F(B$B1U>u2=8=>](B$B$d(B$BB&J}N.F0(B$B$,5/$3$k!#(B
$B!!!!$^$?!"B?$/$NCO?L7W$O<~4|(B0.2 - 0.3$BICA08e$NCO?LF0$r46CN$7$d$9$$$?$a!"<~4|(B0.2 - 0.3$BIC$GBg$-$/<~4|(B1$BIC$G>.$5$$CO?L$G$O?LEY$KHf$Y$FHo32$,7Z$+$C$?$j!"5U$K!"<~4|(B0.2 - 0.3$BIC$G>.$5$/<~4|(B1$BIC$GBg$-$$CO?L$G$O?LEY$KHf$Y$FHo32$,?SBg$@$C$?$j$H$$$C$?$3$H$,5/$3$k!#$?$@$7!"$3$l$K$OCO?L7W$N@_CV>l=j$HCO2<9=B$$NLdBj$b$"$k$H$5$l$k(B
$B
1963$BG/$+$i(B1998$BG/$KH/@8$7$?!"(B35$BK|2s0J>e$K$*$h$VCO?L$NJ,I[?^!#CO?L$N?L1{$NJ,I[$K$O$C$-$j$7$?%Q%?!<%s$,$"$k!#(B($B!V(B$BCO?L4m81EY(B$B!W$b;2>H(B)
$B$B4DB@J?MNB$;3BS(B$B!W$d!V(B$B%"%k%W%9!&%R%^%i%dB$;3BS(B$B!W$N<~JU$OCO?L$,FC$KB?$$CO0h$,$"$k$3$H$,J,$+$k!#A0=R$N(B2$B$D$NB$;3BS$b4^$a$?(B$B?74|B$;3BS(B$B$G:G$bCO?L$,B?$/@$3&$NCO?L3hF0$NBgItJ,$r@j$a$k!#$3$N$[$+!"%h!<%m%C%Q@>It$d%"%8%"KLIt$J$I$N(B$B8E4|B$;3BS(B$B$G$bHf3SE*B?$/CO?L$,H/@8$9$k!#(B
$B!!!!$3$l$i$NCO0h$OB$;3BS$^$?$OCO?LBS!J2P;3$KCeL\$7$?>l9g2P;3BS$H$b8F$V!K$H8F$P$l!"CO3L$dCOLL$N3hF0!J0\F0!K$,3hH/$G!"CO?L$b3hH/$G$"$k!#$7$+$7!"$3$NCO?^$O$"$/$^$G0lDj4|4V$KH/@8$7$?CO?L$r=87W$7$?$b$N$G$"$j!"!VCO?L$N5/$3$j$d$9$5!W$rI=$7$?$b$N$@$,!"$3$NCO?^$GCO?L$,>/$J$$9q!&CO0h!J%+%J%@!"%m%7%"!"%V%i%8%k!"(B$B%"%U%j%+BgN&(B$B$J$I!K$G$b@dBP$KCO?L$,H/@8$7$J$$!"$H$O$$$$$-$l$:!"$I$NN&CO$G$bCO?L$OH/@8$7$&$k!#(B
$B!!!!$?$@$7!"CO?L$NB?$$CO0h$H!"CO?L$K$h$kHo32$,Bg$-$$CO0h$O0[$J$k!#COHW$NMI$l$d$9$5!"(B$B?M8}L)EY(B$B$NBg>.!"7zB$J*$N6/EY!"p@*$J$I$K$h$C$FHo32$d5_=uI|5l$NMM;R$,0[$J$k$?$a$G$"$k!#0lJ}!"F1$8CO0h$K$*$$$F$b!"CO?L$,H/@8$9$k;~4V$d;~4|$J$I$K$h$C$F$bHo32$O0[$J$j!"Nc$($PD4M}$r9T$&?);v;~4VA0$dCHK<$rB?$/;H$&;~4VBS$K$*$$$F$O(B$B2P:R(B$B$NB?H/!"BgET;T$G$OJ?F|Ck4V$K$*$1$k(B$B5"Bp:$Fq$B$NH/@8$J$I$,5s$2$i$l$k!#$^$?!"CO?L$N5,LO$,Bg$-$/$J$k$[$ICGAX$ND9$5$,D9$/$J$j!"Ho32CO0h$,9-$/$J$k798~$K$"$k!#DEGH$,H/@8$7$?>l9g$O!"MI$l$,>.$5$$1h4_It$dMI$l$,A4$/$J$+$C$?1s3VCO$KDEGH$,2!$74s$;Ho32$r$b$?$i$9!#(B$B%O%o%$=tEg(B$B$J$I$OB@J?MN$NCf?4$K$"$C$F<~0O$KEg$,>/$J$$$?$a!"4DB@J?MN3FCO$N(B$B1s3VCODEGH(B$B$r $B!!!!CO5e>e$G(B1$BG/4V$K8=9T$N%M%C%H%o!<%/$G8=9T$N5!4o$G4QB,$5$l$kCO?L2s?t$OLs(B50$BK|2s$H?dDj$5$l$F$*$j!"$=$NFb(B10$BK|2s$,M-46CO?L$G$"$k!#(B1$BG/4V$K(BM5$B0J>e$NCO?L$,J?6QLs(B1,500$B2s!"(BM2$B0J>e$NCO?L$,J?6Q(B145$BK|2sH/@8$7$F$$$k!#?t$N>e$G$O!"@$3&$GH/@8$9$kCO?L$N(B1$B3dDxEY$,F|K\IU6a$GH/@8$7$F$$$k$H$$$o$l!"$^$?(B1996$BG/$+$i(B2005$BG/$N4|4V$G$O@$3&$GH/@8$7$?(BM6$B0J>e$NCO?L$N(B2$B3d$,F|K\$GH/@8$7$F$$$k$H$NE}7W$,$"!"5R4QE*$K8+$F$bF|K\$OCO?L$NB?$$9q$H9M$($i$l$k!#(B
$B!!!!CO?L$NH/@8$NIQEY$,2a5n$HHf$Y$FA}2C$7$?$+$I$&$+$H$$$&$3$H$O!"6ICOE*$K8+$k$3$H$O$G$-$F$b!"A4@$3&E*$K8+$k$3$H$O8=>u$G$OFq$7$$!#CO?L$NH/@8?t$N%G!<%?$O!"CO?L7W$N@:EY$N8~>e$d4QB,E@$N%M%C%H%o!<%/$N>u67$J$I$K:81&$5$l$k!#@$3&E*$K8+$F$bL\$,:Y$+$$F|K\$N(B$B9b46EYCO?L4QB,LV(B$B$G$b(B1990$BG/Be8eH>0J9_$N%G!<%?$G$"$j!"@$3&$r8+$F$bHy>.CO?L!&6KHy>.CO?L$rB*$($i$l$k$h$&$J4QB,LV$O>/$J$/!"3$Dl$H$J$l$P$=$N798~$O82Cx$G$"$k!#(B
$B
$BKI:R>e!"CO?L$r0z$-5/$3$92DG=@-$N9b$$3hCGAX$NB8:_$OCmL\$5$l$k!#F|K\$G$O$B3hjy6J(B$B$bCO?L$rH/@8$5$;$&$k$[$+!"3hCGAX$,L5$$CO0h$K?7$?$KCGAX$,H/@8$9$k2DG=@-$bH]Dj$G$-$J$$!#$=$N$?$a!"3hCGAX$ND4::$rCf?4$H$7$?CO?LKI:R$KBP$9$kHcH=$bB8:_$7$F$$$k!#(B
$BCO5e>e$N3hCGAX!J(B$BCO9B(B$B!&(B$B3$9B(B$B$J$I$r4^$`!K$N$&$A!"$BOD=8CfBS(B$B$H8F$P$l$kCO0h$,$"$k!#(B


$BBQ?L(B
$B=PE5(B: $B%U%j!

$B7zC[$K$*$1$kBQ?L$H$O!"CO?L$KBP$9$k7zC[9=B$J*$dEZLZ9=B$J*$NGK2u$dB;=}$rKI$0A$B$r8@$&!#L\E*$OF1$8$@$,N`;w$NMQ8l$N@)?L$dLH?L$H$O6hJL$5$l$k!#(B


$B@)?L(B
$B=PE5(B: $B%U%j!

$B@)?L(B$B!J$;$$$7$s!K$O!"(B
$B7zC[@_7W(B$B>e$N35G0$G$"$j!"(B$B7zJ*(B$B$KF~NO$5$l$k(B$BCO?L(B$BNO$r!"7zJ*FbIt$N5!9=$K$h$j(B$B8:?j(B$B$5$;$?$j(B$BA}I}(B$B$rKI$$$@$j$9$k$3$H$G!"7zJ*$N(B$B?6F0(B$B$rDc8:$5$;$k$3$H$r;X$9!#L\E*$OF1$8$@$,N`;w$NMQ8l$N(B$BBQ?L(B$B$d(B$BLH?L(B$B$H$O6hJL$5$l$k!#(B
$B@)?6(B$B$H$b=q$+$l!"(B$BF|K\7zC[3X2q(B$B$G$O@5<0$K(B$B@)?6(B$B$rMQ$$$F$$$k$,!"8@MU$N8\5R$X$N0u>]$d!VBQ?L!W$J$IB>$NMQ8l$H$NBPHf$N$7$d$9$5$+$iL14V4k6H$G$O(B$B@)?L(B$B$rMQ$$$k$3$H$b$"$k!#$?$@$7!"CO!V?L!W$r@)$9$k$N$G$O$J$/!V?6!WF0$r@)$9$k$H$$$&$B!V@)?6!W(B
$B$KE}0l$5$l$D$D$"$k!#(B
$BNO3X(B$BE*$J7ABV$K$h$j!"!VAX4V%@%s%Q!<7?!W!"!V%^%9%@%s%Q!<7?!W!"!VO"7k7?!W$J$I$KJ,N`$5$l!"$^$?!"%(%M%k%.!<$NF~NO$NM-L5$K$h$j!V%Q%C%7%V@)?L!W!"!V%;%_%"%/%F%#%V@)?L!W!"!V%"%/%F%#%V@)?L!W$KBg$-$/J,$+$l$k!#$B=;Bp(B$B$J$I$X$NE,MQ$bL\N)$D!#$^$?!"(B$B66NB(B$B$J$I$K$b@)?L5!9=$,AH$_9~$^$l$k$3$H$,$"$k!#(B


$BLH?L(B
$B=PE5(B: $B%U%j!

$BLH?L(B$B$O!"9=B$@_7W!J$H$/$K7zC[9=B$!K$N35G0$G$"$j!"0lHLE*$K7zJ*$N8GM-<~4|$r?-$P$7!"7zJ*$,$B@)?L(B$B$d(B$BBQ?L(B$B$H$O6hJL$5$l$k!#(B
$BHf3S$9$Y$-35G0$H$7$F$^$:5s$2$i$l$k$N$,(B$BBQ?L(B$B$G$"$k!#BQ?L$O!"CO?LNO$rf$G$"$k$3$H!&(B$BJP?4(B$B$,>.$5$$$3$H$J$I$rL\;X$7$F0BA4$r$O$+$k$3$H$G$"$k!#4JC1$K$$$($P(B$BBQ?L(B$B$O(B$BCO?LNO$r$B$3$H$r;X$7!"(B$BLH?L(B$B$O(B$BCO?LNO$r$J$k$Y$/$B$3$H$r;X$9$N$G$"$k!#$3$NB>$K$b(B$B@)?6(B$B$H$$$&35G0$,$"$j!"$3$l$O9=B$BNFbIt$K?LF0$r5[<}$9$kAuCV$rAH$_9~$`$3$H$G9=B$J*$NGK2u$rKI;_$9$k$3$H$r$5$9!#FC$K6aG/$NBg7?7zC[J*$J$I$G$O!"LH?L!&@)?6!&BQ?L$9$Y$F$r9MN8$7!"5;=Q$rAH$_9g$o$;$k$3$H$G0BA4@-$r9b$a$F$$$k!#(B


$B@iEg3$9B(B
$B=PE5(B: $B%U%j!

$B@iEg3$9B(B$B$O!"(B$BB@J?MN(B$BKL@>It$N(B$B%+%`%A%c%D%+H>Eg(B$BFnIt$KH/$7!"(B$B@iEgNsEg(B$BFn4_$K1h$C$F(B$BKL3$F;(B$BFnElIt$K;j$k(B$B3$9B(B$B!#(B$B@iEg!&%+%`%A%c%D%+3$9B(B$B$H$b8F>N$5$l$k(B[1]$B!#(B
$B$=$N1dD9$O$5$i$KFn$N(B$BF|K\3$9B(B$B$KO"$J$k(B[1]$B!#?e?<$OBgItJ,$,(B7,000m$B0J>e$G!":G$b?<$$=j$O3$LL2<(B9,550m$B$K$J$k!#KLC<$O(B$B%Y!<%j%s%0Eg(B$BFn@>2-IU6a$G!"$3$3$GEl$KO"$J$k(B$B%"%j%e!<%7%c%s3$9B(B$B$H@\$7$F$$$k!#(B$BB@J?MN%W%l!<%H(B$B$,(B$BKL%"%a%j%+%W%l!<%H(B$B!J(B$B%*%[!<%D%/%W%l!<%H(B$B!K$N2<$KD@$_9~$`$3$H$G7A@.$5$l$F$$$k(B

$B@iEg3$9B$K$*$1$kCO?L(B
$B@iEg3$9B$r7A@.$9$k(B$B%W%l!<%H(B$BD@$_9~$_BS(B$B$d$=$N<~JU$G$O!"<~4|E*$K(B$B%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B8$B%/%i%9$N%W%l!<%H4VCO?L$d%"%&%?!<%i%$%:CO?L!"%9%i%VFbCO?L$,H/@8$9$k!#KL3$F;$dElKLCOJ}$rCf?4$K!"FC$K(B$BDEGH(B$B$K$h$kHo32$,M=A[$5$l$k$?$a!"F|K\@/I\$J$I$K$h$j8&5f!&7Y2|$NBP>]$H$5$l$F$$$k!#(B
19$B@$5*0J9_$N

$B%W%l!<%H4V5pBgCO?L(B
$B==>!2-CO?L(B 1843$BG/!"(B1915$BG/!"(B1952$BG/!"(B2003$BG/$[$+(B
$B:,<Eg2-CO?L(B 1894$BG/!"(B1973$BG/(B
$BBrB*Eg2-CO?L(B 1918$BG/!"(B1963$BG/(B
1918$BG/(B$B%&%k%C%WEg(B$B2-(B - M 8.0 $B!J(B9$B7n(B7$BF|!K(B
1952$BG/(B$B%+%`%A%c%D%+CO?L(B - M 9.0
2006$BG/(B$B@iEgNsEg2-CO?L(B$B!"(B - Mw 8.3

$B%9%i%VFbCO?L(B
1915$BG/(B$B@iEgNsEg2-CO?L(B$B!J(B$B%7%`%7%kEg(B$B2-!K(B - M 8.0
1958$BG/BrB*Eg2-CO?L(B
1993$BG/(B$B6|O)2-CO?L(B - Mj 7.5
1994$BG/(B$BKL3$F;ElJ}2-CO?L(B - Mj 8.2$B%"%&%?!<%i%$%:CO?L(B
1918$BG/(B$B%&%k%C%WEg(B$B2-(B - M 7.7 $B!J(B11$B7n(B8$BF|!K(B
2007$BG/(B$B@iEgNsEg2-CO?L(B - Mw 8.1

$BCO?L%5%$%/%k(B

$B0l$D$NCO?L%5%$%/%k$K$*$$$F!"%W%l!<%H6-3&7?5pBgCO?L$N?L8;0h$O$*8_$$$K=E$J$i$J$$$h$&$KH/@8$r$7$F$$$k(B[7]$B!#6aG/$N%5%$%/%k$O(B1952$BG/==>!2-CO?L(B(M 8.2)$B$+$i;O$j!"(B1963$BG/BrB*Eg2-CO?L(B(M 8.1)$B!"(B1968$BG/==>!2-CO?L(B(M 7.9)$B!"(B1969$BG/KL3$F;ElJ}2-CO?L(B(M 7.8)$B!"(B1973$BG/:,<<2-CO?L(B(M 7.4)$B$HH/@8$7!"Bh0l$BCO?L6uGr0h(B$B$rKd$a=*N;$7$?!#$J$*!"(B2003$BG/==>!2-CO?L(B(M 8.0)$B$O?7$?$J%5%$%/%k$N;O$^$j$H9M$($k8&5f$,$"$k(B[7]$B!#$^$?!"(B2003$BG/==>!2-CO?L$N?L8;0h$G$O!"(B1990$BG/:"$+$iBhFs
$BO"F0CO?L(B
$B:,<Eg2-CO?L$H==>!2-CO?L$,O"F0$9$k$3$H$G(BM8$B$+$i(BM9$B%/%i%9$KGw$k5pBgCO?L$H$J$k2DG=@-$,$"$k$3$H$b;XE&$5$l$F$$$k!#DEGHBO@QJ*$J$I$+$i2a5n$K$O(B2500$BG/4V$K(B5$B2s!"Ls(B500$BG/4V3V$G(B$BO"F07?CO?L(B$B$K$h$k5pBgDEGH$,H/@8$7$?$H?dB,$5$l!":G?7$N$b$N$O(B17$B@$5*(B$B$KH/@8$7$?$H$_$i$l$k(B[2]$B!#(B$BKL3$F;Bg3X(B$B$N(B$BJ?@n0l?C(B$B!J<+A3COM}3X!K$K$h$k$H(B1611$BG/$N(B$B7DD9;0N&CO?L(B$B$,$3$l$K3:Ev$7!"KL3$F;ElIt$G$3$NCO?L$K$h$k$H$_$i$l$k(B15 - 20m$B$NDEGH$,E~C#$7$?:/@W$,$"$k$3$H$J$I$+$i!"$3$l$^$GDj@b$H$J$C$F$$$?;0N&2-$r?L8;$H$9$kF|K\3$9B1h$$$NCO?L$G$J$/!"@iEg3$9B1h$$$K$"$?$k(B$BKLJ}NNEZ(B$B$N(B$B?'C0Eg(B$B2-$+$i(B$B6_>XL((B$B2-$^$G$NHO0O$K$h$k(BM9$B5,LO$ND65pBgCO?L$G$"$C$?2DG=@-$,9b$$$H$$$&?7@b$rH/I=$7$F$$$k(B


$BD65pBgCO?L(B
$B=PE5(B: $B%U%j!

$BD65pBgCO?L$O!"5pBgCO?L$NCf$G$bFC$K%b!<%a%s%H!&%^%0%K%A%e!<%I<\EY$G(BMw9$BDxEY0J>e(B$B$"$k$$$O(BMw9$B%/%i%9(B$B$N$b$N$KBP$7;HMQ$5$l$kL>>N$G$"$k!#$7$+$7!"(B
$BCO?L3X(B$BE*$K87L)$KDj5AIU$1$i$l$F$$$k$o$1$G$b$J$1$l$P3X=QMQ8l$G$b$J$$(B

$BD65pBgCO?L$H$5$l$kCO?L$O!"3NG'$5$l$kHO0O$G$OA4$F$,(B$B%W%l!<%H<}B+BS(B$B$GH/@8$9$k(B$BDc3Q5UCGAX(B$B$N(B$B%W%l!<%H6-3&7?CO?L(B$B$G$"$j!"(B$BCGAX(B$BD9$,$*$h$=(B500 km$B0J>e$KC#$9$k!#$^$?!"D9Bg$JGK2u0h$r$b$D3$9B7?5pBgCO?L$OJ#?t$N%;%0%a%s%H$,O"F0$7$FCGAXGK2u$9$k(B$BO"F07?CO?L(B$B$r2>Dj$9$l$P@bL@$G$-$k$H$5$l$k(B[5][6][7]$B!#3$9B1h$$$G3$DlCO7A$NBg$-$JJQ0[$rH<$&$?$a$$$:$l$b(B$BBgDEGH(B$B$rH<$C$F$$$k!#(B

$B4QB,;~Be$K$*$1$k%G!<%?$NC_@Q$G$OH/@8IQEY$rO@$:$k$K=$BCO5e(B$B>e$K$*$$$F$*$h$=(B1$B@$5*$N4V$K?t2sDxEYH/@8$7$F$$$k$b$N$H8+$i$l$k(B[8]$B!#(BMw9$B%/%i%9$NCO?L$NH/@8IQEY$O(B1$B@$5*$N4V$K(B1 - 3$B8DDxEY$H$N8+@Q$b$j$b$"$k(B[9]$B!#(B

$B$^$?$=$NH/@84V3V$O0lMM$G$J$/Hf3SE*C;4|4V$N4V$K?tG/$N4V3V$r6u$1$F=8CfE*$KH/@8$9$k798~$,8+$i$l$k(B[2][8]$B!#(B$BCO?L%b!<%a%s%H(B$BJ|=P$N;~7ONs$+$i!"$3$N$h$&$JD65pBgCO?L$N%/%i%9%?%j%s%0$N798~$OL@$i$+$G$"$k$H$9$k@b$,$"$k0lJ}$G(B[10][11]$B!"%/%i%9%?%j%s%0$O%i%s%@%`$JJQ2=$K6I:_2=$7$?M>?L3hF0$,2C$o$C$?$b$N$K$9$.$:8+$+$1$N$b$N$G$"$k$H$9$k@b$b$"$k(B[12][13]$B!#(B

$B$+$D$F(B$BI=LLGH%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B$B$J$I!"(B$BCO?L7W(B$B$K5-O?$5$l$?:GBg?6I}$N(B$B>oMQBP?t(B$B$K4p$E$/%^%0%K%A%e!<%I$,[14]$B!#(B1977$BG/$K(B$B6b?9GnM:(B$B$,!"CGAX3hF0$N%b!<%a%s%H$K4p$E$/(B$B%b!<%a%s%H!&%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B$B$rDs>'$7$F0JMh!"(B1960$BG/%A%jCO?L(B$B$J$I4v$D$+$NCO?L$,(BMw9$B0J>e$H?dDj$5$l5,LO$,E,@Z$KI=$5$l$k$h$&$K$J$C$?(B[15]$B!#(B

$BHf3SD@$_9~$_3X$d(B$B%"%9%Z%j%F%#(B$B%b%G%k$+$iD65pBgCO?L$NH/@8$9$k>l=j$O$B%W%l!<%H(B$B$N(B$BD@$_9~$_BS(B$B$K8BDj$5$l$k$H$5$l$F$-$?$,!"(B2004$BG/(B$B%9%^%H%i2-CO?L(B$B$d(B2011$BG/(B$BElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L(B$B$O=>Mh$NM}O@$rJ$$9$b$N$H$J$j!"FC$K(B$B9b46EYCO?L4QB,LV(B$B$J$I9bL)EY$N4QB,LV$,@0Hw$5$l$?(B$BF|K\(B$BIU6a$GH/@8$7$?ElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L$OD65pBgCO?L$K4X$7$F?7$?$JCN8+$rM?$($k$b$N$H$J$C$?!#(B

$BD65pBgCO?L$,H/@8$9$k>l=j(B
$BHf3SD@$_9~$_3X(B

$B>eED@?Li(B$B$*$h$S(B$B6b?9GnM:(B (1979) $B$OCO5e>e$ND@$_9~$_BS$r3$MN%W%l!<%H$ND@$_9~$_3Q$N0c$$$+$i!V(B$B%A%j7?(B$B!W$H!V(B$B%^%j%"%J7?(B$B!W$KJ,N`$7!"O"F07?$N5pBgCO?L$O%A%j7?$ND@$_9~$_BS$G5/$3$k$H9M$($?(B[16][17]$B!#>eED$i$O%A%j7?$KB0$9$N$OFn%A%j$*$h$S%"%i%9%+Ey$G$"$k$H$7$?$,!"(BHeuret (2011) $B$i$K$h$l$P!"D@$_9~$_3Q$,(B15$B!k0J2<$NDc3Q$G$"$k$N$O!"Fn%A%j$NB>!"(B$B%W%(%k%H%j%3(B$B!"(B$B%3%3%9(B$B!"%+%9%1!<%I!"(B$BFn3$%H%i%U(B$B!"(B$B%9%^%H%i(B-$B%"%s%@%^%s(B$B$*$h$S(B$BCOCf3$ElIt(B$B$N3F3$9B$G$"$k!#(B
$B$^$?!"(BRuff$B$*$h$S6b?9(B (1980) $B$O!"D@$_9~$_BS$GH/@8$9$k5pBgCO?L$N5,LO$O<}B+%l!<%H$HD@$_9~$`%W%l!<%H$NG/Np$N4X?t$H$7$FI=$5$l$k$H9M$($?!#<}B+%l!<%H$,Bg$-$/!"3nD@$_9~$`%W%l!<%H$NG/Np$N$B!#(B

$B%A%j7?(B
$BHf3SE* $B%^%j%"%J7?(B
$B8E$$%W%l!<%H$,9b3Q$GD@$_9~$_!"%W%l!<%H4V$N8GCe$,oE*$J$b$N$G$J$/!"Dc3Q$ND@$_9~$_BS$bCO?L$,7+$jJV$5$l$k$K$D$lCGAXLL$O $B%"%9%Z%j%F%#%b%G%k(B
T.$B%l%$$*$h$S6b?9GnM:(B (1982) $B$i$O!"%W%l!<%H4V$K$O8GCe$,6/$$%"%9%Z%j%F%#$H3j$i$+$K3j$C$F$$$kItJ,$,B8:_$7!"%"%9%Z%j%F%#$N6u4VE*J,I[$dLL@QHf$K$h$C$FCO?L$N5/$3$jJ}$KFCD'$,$"$k$H9M$(!"@$3&3FCO$ND@$_9~$_BS$r(B4$B$D$N%+%F%4%j$KJ,N`$7$?!#D65pBgCO?L$O%+%F%4%j(B1$B$ND@$_9~$_BS$G5/$3$j!"$3$l$KB0$9$N$O%A%jFnIt!"%+%`%A%c%D%+!"%"%i%9%+$H$5$l$?(B
$B%+%F%4%j(B1$B!'%A%jFnIt(B
$BD@$_9~$_BS$OA4LLE*$K%"%9%Z%j%F%#$r7A@.$7%W%l!<%H4V$O6/$/8GCe$7$F$$$k!#(B
$B>o$K(B500 km$B$r1[$($k$[$\F1$8D9$5$NCGAXGK2u$,!"5,B'@5$7$$;~4V4V3V$GH/@8$9$k798~$,$"$k!#(B
$B%+%F%4%j(B2$B!'%"%j%e!<%7%c%s(B
$B3F%;%0%a%s%HKh$KBg$-$J%"%9%Z%j%F%#$,B8:_$9$k!#(B
$B%+%F%4%j(B1$B$h$j$d$d>.$5$$CGAXGK2u$H$J$j!"$=$l$>$l$N%;%0%a%s%H$,JL!9$KCGAXGK2u$9$k>l9g$H!"3$9BA4BN$,O"F0$7$FCGAXGK2u$9$k>l9g$,$"$k!#(B
$B%+%F%4%j(B3$B!'@iEgNsEg(B
$B3F%;%0%a%s%H$KJ#?t$N>.$5$J%"%9%Z%j%F%#$,B8:_$9$k!#(B
$B%;%0%a%s%HKh$K$$$D$bF1$8ItJ,$,CGAXGK2u$7$FCO?L$rH/@8$5$;$k$,!"$=$l$i$,O"F0$7$FGK2u$9$k$3$H$O5)$G$"$k!#(B
$B%+%F%4%j(B4$B!'%^%j%"%J(B
$B%"%9%Z%j%F%#$r7A@.$;$:!"%W%l!<%H4V$OKX$I8GCe$7$F$$$J$$!#(B
$BHsCO?L@-$N3j$j$N3d9g$,B?$/!"5pBgCO?L$rH/@8$9$k$3$H$O$J$$!#(B

$BHf3SD@$_9~$_3X$G$O8E$$%W%l!<%H$G$OO"F07?CO?L$O5/$3$j$K$/$$$H$5$l!"%"%9%Z%j%F%#%b%G%k$bD@$_9~$_$,$d$d9b3Q$N8E$$%W%l!<%H$O8GCeNN0h$,>.$5$/O"F07?$ND65pBgCO?L$O5/$3$j$K$/$$$H$5$l$F$-$?!#$7$+$7(B2004$BG/%9%^%H%i2-CO?L$O$3$NK!B'$K$OEv$F$O$^$i$J$$$H$5$l(B[21]$B!"(B2011$BG/ElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L$NH/@8$7$?(B$BF|K\3$9B(B$B$b%"%9%Z%j%F%#%b%G%k$G$O%+%F%4%j(B3$B$N(B$B@iEgNsEg(B$B$KN`;w$9$k$H9M$($i$lO"F07?$N5pBgCO?L$,5/$j$K$/$$$H$5$l$F$$$?(B
$B%W%l!<%H4V%+%C%W%j%s%0$HD65pBgCO?L(B
$B%W%l!<%H$NAjBPB.EY$+$i?dDj$5$l$kOD$_$NC_@Q$KBP$9$k!"CO?L$K$h$C$F2rJ|$5$l$kOD$_$NHfN($G$"$kCO?L%+%C%W%j%s%078?t$O!"%A%j!"%+%9%1!<%I!"%9%^%H%i!"Fn3$%H%i%U$J$I$O(B1.0$B$K6a$$$,!"%"%i%9%+!"%+%`%A%c%C%+!"@iEg!"F|K\3$9B$J$I$O(B0.6$BA08e!"(B$B%H%s%,3$9B(B$BFnIt!"(B$B%1%k%^%G%C%/3$9B(B$B$O(B0.1$B6/!"%^%j%"%J!"0KF&>.3^86!"N05e3$9B$J$I$O(B0$B$K6a$$$H?dDj$5$l$F$$$k(B$B!#(B
$BD65pBgCO?L$O!"%W%l!<%H4V%+%C%W%j%s%078?t$,CfDxEY0J>e!J(B0.6$BDxEY0J>e!K$ND@$_9~$_BS$G5/$3$C$F$*$j!"%+%C%W%j%s%0$K$h$k3j$j7gB;B.EY$,G/4V(B2 cm$B0J>e$ND@$_9~$_BS$G5/$3$C$F$$$k$H$5$l$k(B$B!#(B
$BIU2CBN7A@.$HD65pBgCO?L(B
Bilek (2010) $B$O!"CO5e>e$ND@$_9~$_BS$r!"(B$BIU2CBN(B$B$,7A@.$5$l$D$D$"$kItJ,$H!"D@$_9~$`%W%l!<%H$,N&B&$N%W%l!<%H$r:o$j9~$s$G$$$kItJ,$KJ,N`$7!"D65pBgCO?L$OIU2CBN$r7A@.$9$kD@$_9~$_BS$GH/@8$7!"BP$7$FN&B&$N%W%l!<%H$r:o$j9~$`$h$&$JD@$_9~$_BS$G$O(B$BDEGHCO?L(B$B$,H/@8$7$d$9$$;v$r8+=P$7$?(B$B!#(B
$BIU2CBN$r7A@.$9$kD@$_9~$_BS$O!"Fn%A%j!"%W%(%k%H%j%3!"%+%9%1!<%I!"%"%i%9%+!"(B$B%"%j%e!<%7%c%s(B$B!"%+%`%A%c%D%+!"Fn3$%H%i%U!"%9%^%H%i(B-$B%"%s%@%^%s$N3F3$9B$G$"$j!"(B20$B@$5*$ND65pBgCO?L$d(B2004$BG/%9%^%H%i2-CO?L$O2?$l$b$3$l$i$ND@$_9~$_BS$GH/@8$7$F$$$k$,!"ElKLCOJ}B@J?MN2-CO?L$N5/$3$C$?F|K\3$9B$O$3$NK!B'$KH?$7$FN&B&$N%W%l!<%H$r:o$j9~$`D@$_9~$_BS$G$"$C$?(B$B!#(B
$BCO?L$NH/@8IQEY$HD65pBgCO?L(B
$B0f=PE/(B (2013) $B$O@$3&$ND@$_9~$_BS$GH/@8$7$F$$$kCf5,LO(B (M4.5) $B0J>e$NCO?L$NH/@8IQEY$H%W%l!<%H$ND@$_9~$_B.EY$H$N4X78$r8!F$$7!"Fn@>B@J?MN$rCf?4$KB?$/$NCO0h$GD@$_9~$_B.EY$HCO?LH/@8IQEY$,HfNc$9$k$H$$$&>o<1E*$J4X78$r8+=P$7$?!#(B
$B$=$NCf$G!"Nc30E*$KD@$_9~$_B.EY$OHf3SE*B.$$$,CO?LH/@8?t$,6K$a$FDc$$$H$$$&HfNc4X78$+$i30$l$kCO0h$,$"$j!"$3$NCO0h$G$O$7$P$7$P(B$B$f$C$/$jCO?L(B$B$,8+=P$5$l$F$*$j!"$5$i$KD65pBgCO?L$O$3$NCO0h$G5/$3$C$F$$$k;v$r8+=P$7$?!#$3$N!V0l8+@E$+$@$,D65pBgCO?L$N5/$3$k4m81$JCO0h!W$O%"%i%9%+!"%+%9%1!<%I!"%Z%k!$BN05e3$9B(B$B$G$"$k$H$$$&!#(B


2019$BG/(B3$B7n(B

$B86;RNOH/EELdBj(B$B!!!!(B$BEl5~EENOJ!EgBh0l86H/;v8N(B$B$K$h$kF1;\@_$N!V(B$BGQO'$NDj5A(B$B!W$,$$$^$@$K7h$^$C$F$$$J$$:#!"86H/2TF0>uBV$K$"$k$N$O#586H/#94p(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!$I$^$j$G$"$k!#$?$@!"@/I\$N4pK\J}?K$O!V:rG/#77n2~Dj$N%(%M%k%.!<4pK\7W2h$G!"86H/$r0z$-B3$-=EMW$JEE8;$H$7$F;H$&!W$G$"$C$?!#$7$+$7!"(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!:#2s$NI=L@$K$O!"9q$O%(%M%k%.!<4pK\@/:v$G86H/$N0U5A$r6/D4$7$D$D$b!"N)BX$d?7A}@_$NI,MW@-$K$O@Q6KE*$K$O?($l$F$$$J$$!W9q$O!"@$3&$N(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!>p@*$H9qFb$N$5$^$6$^$J0U8+$r9MN8$7$J$,$i$-$a$F$$$/$b$N$H8+$i$l$k!#(B(2019.3.12)

$BCO?LLdBj(B$B!!(B$B86;RNOH/EELdBj(B

$B!!!!!V(B$BCO?L$HDEGH(B$B!W!!(B$BElF|K\Bg?L:R(B$BH/@8$+$i#1#1F|$G#8G/$r7^$($?!#(B$B7Y;kD#(B$B$N$^$H$a$G$O!"4dk!"J!Eg$N#38)$rCf?4$K!";` $B!!!!!!!!!!9TJ}ITL@e$k!#(B$BI|6=D#(B$B$G$O!"DEGH$d(B$BEl5~EENOJ!EgBh0l86H/;v8N(B$B$K$h$jHrFq@83h$rB3$1$F$$$k?M$O!"%T!<%/;~$NLs#4#7K|?M$+$i(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!8:$C$?$b$N$N!"A49q$G:#>0#5K|#1#7#7#8?M$$$k!#D90z$/HrFq@83h$+$iBND4$rJx$7$FK4$/$J$C$?J}$O#3#7#0#1?M$G:#>0!"A}$(B3$1$F$$$k!#(B(2019.3.11)
$B!!!!(B$BEl5~EENOJ!EgBh0l86H/;v8N(B$B$K$h$kF1;\@_$N!V(B$BGQO'$NDj5A(B$B!W$,$$$^$@$KDj$^$C$F$$$J$$!#ElEEJ!EgBh0lGQO'?d?J%+%s%Q%K!<$N(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!>.LnL@!&:G9b@UG$ $B!!!!!!!!!!#1!K!VJ!EgBh0l86H/$OIaDL$N$=$l$H$O0c$&!W$H9-HO$J5DO@$r5a$a$F$$$k!#%4!<%k$,8+$($J$$$^$^GQO'$O?J$s$G$$$k(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!#2!KElEE$OGQO'9)Dj$r!V86;RO';\@_$N2rBNEy!W$HL@5-$7!";v8N$+$i#3#0!A#4#0G/8e$N:n6H40N;$rL\;X$7$F$$$k!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!#3!K$7$+$7!">.Ln;a$O!VA[Dj$9$k:G8e$N;Q$K$D$$$F!":#$NCJ3,$G$O9M$($NMI$lI}$,Bg$-$9$.$F7h$a$i$l$J$$(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!#4!K$5$^$6$^$J2]Bj$G$"$k;v8N=hM}$,B?$9$.$k!"$7$+$78e2s$7$K$G$-$J$$%8%l%s%^$,$"$j:n6H$ODdBZ5$L#$@!#(B

$B!!!!4X78<+<#BN$OB.$d$+$K9q$N@UG$$G99CO$K$7$F!"1x@w$5$l$?$b$N$rA4$F;D$i$J$$$h$&$K$9$k$3$H$,GQO'$N>r7o$G$"$j!"40N;$G$"$k!#$H
$B!!!!(B$BElF|K\Bg?L:R(B$BH/@8$+$i#1#1F|$G#8G/$r7^$($?:#$b!"(B$BEl5~EENOJ!EgBh0l86H/;v8N(B$B$KH<$&F|K\$NG@?e;:J*!"?)IJ$KBP$9$kM"F~5,@)$,!"M-NO;T>l$N(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!%"%8%"$rCf?4$K#2#4%+9q!&CO0h$GB3$$$F$$$k!#M"F~5,@)$X$N2r=|$O!"BPF|4X78$dFb@/$bMm$s$G7h$7$FJ?C3$G$O$J$$!#(B(2019.3.11)

$B!V(B$B;0N&2-BgCO?L(B$B!W(B(2011.3.11)$B$OEl5~!&Bg$B5$>]D#(B2$B3,!#A49q$NCO?L3hF0$r#2#4;~4VBV@*$G4F;k$9$k!V8=6H< $B!!!!!!!!!!E#IU$1$H$J$C$?!#?&0w$O!V;0N&2-$GBg$-$JCO?L$@!W?t==IC8e!"Ls#2#0#0(I7[$BN%$l$?5$>]D#$K$bCO?LGH$,E~C#!#(B$BElF|K\BgCO?L(B$B$N5pBgCO?L$@$C$?!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!$7$+$7!"5$>]D#$O(IO8^FA-0D^$B#7!%#9!"DEGH$N9b$5$b:GBg#6(IR0DY$B$H2a>.I>2A$7$?!#?t;~4V8e5$>]D#$O#M#8!%#8$K=$@5$7$?$,!"$9$G$K1h4_CO$O9b$5(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!#1#0(IR0DY$B0J>e$NBgDEGH$K$N$_9~$^$l$F$$$?!#CO?L$N5,LO$r8+8m$C$?860x$OCO?L7W$NITHw$@$C$?!#5pBgCO?L$G$OD9Bg$JCGAX$,?tJ,4V$b3d$l(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!B3$1!"D9$$<~4|$NCO?LGH$NJ,@O$,=EMW$K$J$k!#$7$+$7!"Ev;~$N5$>]D#$NCO?L7W$O?6$j@Z$l!"@5$7$/7WB,$G$-$J$+$C$?!#A[Dj30$N5pBgCO?L$O(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!5$>]D#$HCO?L3X$N>o<1$rBG$AGK$C$?!#@/I\$O:#8e!"$3$N!VA[Dj30!W$N2M6u$N=PMh;v$r!"8= $B!!!!!!!!!!$G$"$m$&!"!V(B$BFn3$%H%i%U$G$NCO?L(B$BBP:v!W$K$7$C$+$j$H$7$?%G!<%?!<$HBP:v$,I,MW$G$"$k$H7h?4$7$?!#(B(2019.3.5)

2019$BG/(B2$B7n(B

$BKL3$F;8|??D.$G?LEY#6$B!#(B$B?L8;(B$BCO$OC@?6COJ}CfElIt$G?L8;$N?<$5$OLs#3#3%-%m!#(B$BCO?L(B$B$N5,LO$O%^%0%K%A%e!<%I(B(M)$B#5!%#8$H?dDj$5$l$k!#(B
$B!!!!!!!!!!5$>]D#$O:rG/#97n$K8|??D.$G?LEY#7$r5-O?$7$?(B$BKL3$F;CO?L(B$B$N0lO"$N3hF0$G!"EvJ,B3$/$H$N8+2r$r<($7$?!#(B(2019.2.22)

2019$BG/(B1$B7n(B

$B!V(B$B8}1JNIItEg(B$B!W$N?73Y$G(B$BGzH/E*J.2P(B($BJ.1l(B500m)$B$G2P:UN.!&!&!&?ME*Ho32$O$J$$LOMM!&!&!&7Y2|%l%Y%k(B3(2019.1.17)
$B!V(B$B8}1JNIItEg(B$B!W$N?73Y(B=(2015$BG/(B5$B7n(B29$BF|(B)$B$G(B$BJ.2P(B($BJ.1l(B10,000m$B7Y2|%l%Y%k(B5)
$B!V(B$B0g$NG/(B$B!W$O(B$BCO?L$NG/(B$B!)3'$5$s5$$*$D$1$^$7$g$&(B(2019.1.17)$B!&!&!&!V:R!W$NG/!W$r2 $B!!!!(B1707$BG/(B=$B!V(B$BJu1JCO?L!&0g$NBgJQ(B$B!W!JJu1J(B4$BG/(B)10.4$BF|El3$COJ}!A@>F|K\$KBgCO?L(BM8.4$B!A(B8.6$B5-O?$K;D$kF|K\:GBg5i$NCO?L!*(B
$B!!!!(B1857$BG/(B=$B!V(B$B0B@/El3$!&Fn3$CO?L(B$B!W(B($B9>8M;~Be8e4|!'2E1J(B7$BG/(B11$B7n(B4$BF|(B)
$B!!!!(B1923$BG/(B=$B!V(B$B4XElBg?L:R(B$B!W(B($BBg@5(B12$BG/!K(B
$B!!!!(B1959$BG/(B=$B!V(B$B0K@*OQBfIw(B$B!W(B($B> $B!!!!(B1995$BG/(B=$B!V(B$B:e?@Bg?L:R(B$B!W(B($BJ?@.(B7$BG/(B)
$B!!!!(B 2016$BG/(B=$B!V(B$B7'K\CO?L(B$B!W(B($BJ?@.(B16$BG/(B4$B7n(B4$BF|!&!&!&(B($B$3$NG/$O!V0g!W$G$O$J$$(B)
$B!V(B$B:e?@Bg?L:R(B$B!W:#F|(B(2019.1.17)$B$G#2#4G/!*F|K\3FCO$G!VDIEi$HDC:2$N5'$j!W$,$5$5$2$i$l$?(B
$B!V(B$B%b!<%@%k%7%U%H(B$B!W$rF3F~8!F$!*J<8K8)$O?L:R$J$I$NN&!"N&O)$N@#CG$N$?$a(B(2019.1.13)$B5_1gJ*;q$[$+!W$N3NJ]$N$?$aFu!*!*(B
$B7'K\8)OB?eD.$G(B$B?LEY#6(B$B$NCO?L!'?<$5$OLs#1#0%-%m!"%^%0%K%A%e!<%I#5!%#1CO?L$K$h$k(B$BDEGH(B$B$O$J$$(B(2019.1.3)$B8a8e#6;~#1#0J,$4$m(B





$B$3$N(BTop$B$KLa$k(B






monomousu   $B$b$N?=$9(B
TOP$B$K$b$I$k(B
$B:G6a$N%K%e!<%9(B